to the cost.
http://edlabor.house.gov/documents/111/pdf/testimony/20090610MarciaAngellTestimony.pdfWritten Statement of Marcia Angell, M. D.
Senior Lecturer in Social Medicine, Harvard Medical School
Former Editor-in-Chief, New England Journal of Medicine
"The American health system is uniquely expensive and inflationary. Last
year we spent about $2.5 trillion on health care, or some $8,000 per person,
and costs keep growing much faster than the background inflation rate.
What about comparably wealthy countries? If we look at the 30 members of
the OECD, we find a startling disparity. In the most recent year for which
figures are available, we spent two and a half times as much per person on
health care as the median for the OECD countries. The other countries
clustered fairly close together, while we stood clearly apart, and that gap is
growing. Clearly, our health system is unsustainable...Our health care system, then, is outrageously expensive, yet inadequate and
inequitable. How can we account for the paradox of spending more and
getting less? The only plausible explanation is that there’s something about
the system itself – about the way we finance and deliver health care – that’s
enormously wasteful.
The underlying problem, I believe, is that we, alone among OECD countries,
rely on a market-based system for health care. In fact, it’s not a system at
all, but a hodge-podge of different commercial arrangements that exist more
or less independently from one another. The other countries all have
national health systems. Some are single-payer arrangements, which means
that all health care funds, whatever their source, are funneled through a
single public agency, which then coordinates the distribution of resources.
Some have multiple payers, but the system is tightly regulated so that
everyone is covered, and prices and benefits are uniform.
Most of our other problems stem from that decision to treat health care like a
market commodity instead of a social service. Thus, we distribute it not
according to medical need, but according to the ability to pay. But there’s a
great mismatch between medical need and the ability to pay. In fact, those
with the greatest need are precisely those least able to pay.
So while markets
are good for many things, they’re not a good way to distribute health care.People who are well insured may get an MRI they don’t need (and overuse
of tests is a major contributor to cost inflation), while people without
insurance may not get an MRI they do need.
Furthermore, successful markets expand; they don’t contract. Businesses
aim to increase revenues and maximize profits. Hospitals in the U. S., for
example, often advertise their services. Like all businesses, they want more,
not fewer customers. So each element in the health market is working to
grow, even while the country as a whole presumably wants the system to
contract...."