Clinton's EXECUTIVE ORDERS: PROHIBITING TERRORISTS GROUPS......

[MagickMuffin]

Found these noteworthy

Also while at the website I found these they have docs from Raygun, Clinton, and Mad king Boy George, but Poppy was missing from the terrorism front. Hmmmmmmm. Will post more!




January 24, 1995

I, WILLIAM J. CLINTON, President of the United

States of America, find that grave acts of violence

committed by foreign terrorists that disrupt the

Middle East peace process constitute an unusual and

extraordinary threat to the national security,

foreign policy, and economy of the United States, and

hereby declare a national emergency to deal with that

threat.



I hereby order:



Section 1. Except to the extent provided in

section 203(b)(3) and (4) of IEEPA (50 U.S.C.

1702(b)(3) and (4)) and in regulations, orders,

directives, or licenses that may be issued pursuant

to this order, and notwithstanding any contract

entered into or any license or permit granted prior

to the effective date: (a) all property and

interests in property of:



(i) the persons listed in the Annex to this

order;



(ii) foreign persons designated by the Secretary

of State, in coordination with the Secretary of

the Treasury and the Attorney General, because

they are found:



(A) to have committed, or to pose a significant

risk of committing, acts of violence that have

the purpose or effect of disrupting the Middle

East peace process, or



(B) to assist in, sponsor, or provide

financial, material, or technological support

for, or services in support of, such acts of

violence; and



(iii) persons determined by the Secretary of the

Treasury, in coordination with the Secretary of

State and the Attorney General, to be owned or

controlled by, or to act for or on behalf of,

any of the foregoing persons, that are in the

United States, that hereafter come within the

United States, or that hereafter come within the

possession or control of United States persons,

are blocked;



(b) any transaction or dealing by United States

persons or within the United States in property or

interests in property of the persons designated in or

pursuant to this order is prohibited, including the

making or receiving of any contribution of funds,

goods, or services to or for the benefit of such

persons;



(c) any transaction by any United States person

or within the United States that evades or avoids, or

has the purpose of evading or avoiding, or attempts

to violate, any of the prohibitions set forth in this

order, is prohibited.



Sec. 2. For the purposes of this order: (a) the

term "person" means an individual or entity;



(b) the term "entity" means a partnership,

association, corporation, or other organization,

group, or subgroup;



(c) the term "United States person" means any

United States citizen, permanent resident alien,

entity organized under the laws of the United States

(including foreign branches), or any person in the

United States; and



(d) the term "foreign person" means any citizen

or national of a foreign state (including any such

individual who is also a citizen or national of the

United States) or any entity not organized solely

under the laws of the United States or existing

solely in the United States, but does not include a

foreign state.



Sec. 3. I hereby determine that the making of

donations of the type specified in section

203(b)(2)(A) of IEEPA (50 U.S.C. 1702(b)(2)(A)) by

United States persons to persons designated in or

pursuant to this order would seriously impair my

ability to deal with the national emergency declared

in this order, and hereby prohibit such donations as

provided by section 1 of this order.



Sec. 4. (a) The Secretary of the Treasury, in

consultation with the Secretary of State and, as

appropriate, the Attorney General, is hereby

authorized to take such actions, including the

promulgation of rules and regulations, and to employ

all powers granted to me by IEEPA as may be necessary

to carry out the purposes of this order. The

Secretary of the Treasury may redelegate any of these

functions to other officers and agencies of the

United States Government. All agencies of the

United States Government are hereby directed to take

all appropriate measures within their authority to

carry out the provisions of this order.



(b) Any investigation emanating from a possible

violation of this order, or of any license, order, or

regulation issued pursuant to this order, shall first

be coordinated with the Federal Bureau of

Investigation (FBI), and any matter involving

evidence of a criminal violation shall be referred to

the FBI for further investigation. The FBI shall

timely notify the Department of the Treasury of any

action it takes on such referrals.



Sec. 5. Nothing contained in this order shall

create any right or benefit, substantive or

procedural, enforceable by any party against the

United States, its agencies or instrumentalities, its

officers or employees, or any other person.



Sec. 6. (a) This order is effective at 12:01

a.m., eastern standard time on January 24, 1995.



(b) This order shall be transmitted to the

Congress and published in the Federal Register.





WILLIAM J. CLINTON



THE WHITE HOUSE,

January 23, 1995.


http://nsi.org/Library/Terrorism/eoterr.txt

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1. Executive Order 13094—Proliferation of WMD

federal register
40801
Thursday
July 30, 1998
Part IV
The President
Executive Order 13094—Proliferation of
Weapons of Mass Destruction

Presidential Documents
40803
Federal Register
Vol. 63, No. 146
Thursday, July 30, 1998
Title 3—

The President
Executive Order 13094 of July 28, 1998
Proliferation of Weapons of Mass Destruction
By the authority vested in me as President by the Constitution and the
laws of the United States of America, including the International Emergency
Economic Powers Act (50 U.S.C. 1701 et seq.) (IEEPA), the National Emergencies
Act (50 U.S.C. 1601 et seq.), the Arms Export Control Act (22
U.S.C. 2751 et seq.) (AECA), and section 301 of title 3, United States Code,
I, WILLIAM J. CLINTON, President of the United States of America, in
order to take additional steps with respect to the proliferation of weapons
of mass destruction and means of delivering them and the national emergency
described and declared in Executive Order 12938 of November 14, 1994,
hereby order:
Section 1. Amendment of Executive Order 12938.
(a) Section 4 of Executive Order 12938 of November 14, 1994, is revised
to read as follows:
‘‘Sec. 4. Measures Against Foreign Persons.
(a) Determination by Secretary of State; Imposition of Measures. Except
to the extent provided in section 203(b) of the International Emergency
Economic Powers Act (50 U.S.C. 1702(b)), where applicable, if the Secretary
of State determines that a foreign person, on or after November 16, 1990,
the effective date of Executive Order 12735, the predecessor order to
Executive Order 12938, has materially contributed or attempted to contribute
materially to the efforts of any foreign country, project, or entity
of proliferation concern to use, acquire, design, develop, produce, or stockpile
weapons of mass destruction or missiles capable of delivering such
weapons, the measures set forth in subsections (b), (c), and (d) of this
section shall be imposed on that foreign person to the extent determined
by the Secretary of State in consultation with the implementing agency
and other relevant agencies. Nothing in this section is intended to preclude
the imposition on that foreign person of other measures or sanctions
available under this order or under other authorities.
(b) Procurement Ban. No department or agency of the United States
Government may procure, or enter into any contract for the procurement
of, any goods, technology, or services from any foreign person described
in subsection (a) of this section.
(c) Assistance Ban. No department or agency of the United States Government
may provide any assistance to any foreign person described in subsection
(a) of this section, and no such foreign person shall be eligible
to participate in any assistance program of the United States Government.
(d) Import Ban. The Secretary of the Treasury shall prohibit the importation
into the United States of goods, technology, or services produced
or provided by any foreign person described in subsection (a) of this
section, other than information or informational materials within the meaning
of section 203(b)(3) of the International Emergency Economic Powers
Act (50 U.S.C. 1702(b)(3)).
(e) Termination. Measures pursuant to this section may be terminated
against a foreign person if the Secretary of State determines that there
is reliable evidence that such foreign person has ceased all activities
referred to in subsection (a) of this section.
40804 Federal Register / Vol. 63, No. 146 / Thursday, July 30, 1998 / Presidential Documents
(f) Exceptions. Departments and agencies of the United States Government,
acting in consultation with the Secretary of State, may, by license,
regulation, order, directive, exception, or otherwise, provide for:
(i) Procurement contracts necessary to meet U.S. operational military
requirements or requirements under defense production agreements; intelligence
requirements; sole source suppliers, spare parts, components,
routine servicing and maintenance of products for the United States
Government; and medical and humanitarian items; and
(ii) Performance pursuant to contracts in force on the effective date
of this order under appropriate circumstances.’’
(b) Section 6 of Executive Order 12938 of November 14, 1994, is amended
by deleting ‘‘4(c)’’ and inserting ‘‘4(e)’’ in lieu thereof.
Sec. 2. Preservation of Authorities. Nothing in this order is intended to
affect the continued effectiveness of any rules, regulations, orders, licenses,
or other forms of administrative action issued, taken, or continued in effect
heretofore or hereafter under the authority of IEEPA, AECA, the Nuclear
Non-Proliferation Act of 1978, the Nuclear Proliferation Prevention Act of
1994, the Atomic Energy Act, the Export Administration Act (50 U.S.C.
App. 2401 et seq.), Executive Order 12730 of September 30, 1990, Executive
Order 12735 of November 16, 1990, Executive Order 12924 of August 18,
1994, Executive Order 12930 of September 29, 1994, or Executive Order
12938 of November 14, 1994.
Sec. 3. Judicial Review. Nothing contained in this order shall create any
right or benefit, substantive or procedural, enforceable by any party against
the United States, its agencies or instrumentalities, its officers or employees,
or any other person.
Sec. 4. Effective Date.
(a) This order is effective at 12:01 a.m. eastern daylight time on July
29, 1998.
(b) This order shall be transmitted to the Congress and published in
the Federal Register.
ÏÐ
THE WHITE HOUSE,
July 28, 1998.
Filed 7–29–98; 10:40 am]
Billing code 3195–01–P

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5. Clinton Administration Counterterrorism Initiative

Clinton Administration Counterterrorism Initiative


I. Actions Already Announced by the President

(1) Pass the Omnibus Counter-Terrorism Act of 1995

This bill would provide clear Federal criminal jurisdiction for any
international terrorist attack that might occur in the United States;
provide Federal criminal jurisdiction over terrorists who use the United
States as the place from which to plan terrorist attacks overseas;
provide a workable mechanism, utilizing United States District Judges
appointed by the Chief Justice, to deport expeditiously alien terrorists
without risking the disclosure of national security information or
techniques; provide a new mechanism for preventing fundraising in the
United States that supports international terrorist activities overseas;
and would implement an international treaty requiring the insertion of a
chemical agent into plastic explosives when manufactured to make them
detectable.

(2) Provide more tools to federal law enforcement agencies fighting
terrorism


o Amend the Fair Credit Reporting Act to ease access to financial and
credit reports in anti-terrorism cases.

This legislation provides for disclosures by consumer reporting agencies
to the FBI for counterintelligence and counterterrorism purposes. The FBI
has no mechanism for obtaining credit reports for lead purposes in
counterterrorism cases. These reports are available to used car dealers
and other merchants. The FBI currently has authority under the Right to
Financial Privacy Act of 1978 to obtain similar records pursuant to a
"National Security Letter" signed by a high-ranking FBI official. the
same procedures and safeguards would apply to credit records under this
proposal.


o Amend federal law to adopt, in national security cases the standard
currently used in obtaining a "pen register" in a routine criminal case.

This proposal would extend the relaxed standard for obtaining "pen
registers" and "trap and trace" device orders which already exists in
routine criminal cases, to national security cases. A "pen register" is a
device which records the number dialed on a telephone. A "trap and trace"
devices is similar to "Caller ID," providing law enforcement with the
telephone number from which a call originates. Neither "pen registers"
nor "trap and trace" devices permit law enforcement to monitor actual
conversations being conducted. the current, higher-than-regular standard
impedes the ability of the FBI to obtain surveillance coverage of
terrorists and spies.


o Pass legislation to require hotel/motel and common carriers to provide
records necessary for fighting terrorism.

This proposal would require hotel/motel and common carriers such as
airlines and bus companies to provide records to the FBI pursuant to
authorized national security requests just as they must do now for
virtually all state and local law enforcement. The FBI must now rely on
the voluntary assistance of motel, hotel, and other innkeepers or common
carriers regarding records of terrorists who may have stayed at the
establishment or used the common carrier. The FBI has found that, while
some of these entities voluntarily provide such information, an
increasing number refuse, absent a court order, a subpoena, or other
legal protection. In a counterterrorism case being conducted pursuant to
the Attorney General's guidelines for FBI Foreign Intelligence Collection
and Foreign Counterintelligence Investigations, there is no legal
mechanism, e.g. subpoena, available to obtain these records.


o Fully fund the FBI's "Digital Telephony" initiative to assure court
Authorized law enforcement access for electronic surveillance to
Digitized communications.

This proposal would appropriate funds to implement recent amendments to
statutes governing secure telephone transmission (digital telephony).
These amendments require telephone carriers to install and maintain
sophisticated equipment which would permit law enforcement to continue to
conduct legal electronic surveillance.


o Create and allocate funds for a special FBI Counterterrorist and
Counterintelligence fund.

This proposal will fund costs associated cases which arise in connection
with terrorism crises, including logistics and other support.


o Create an interagency Domestic Counterterrorism Center headed by the
FBI.

This proposal will establish a partnership effort between the Justice
Department, including the FBI, and other federal and state law
enforcement authorities to coordinate efforts within the United States.



(3) Conduct terrorism threat assessment of every federal facility in the
country within the next 60 days.

The President has directed the Attorney General to conduct this
assessment and report her recommendations in 60 days. The assessment has
already begun.


(4) Direct GSA to replace the Federal Building in Oklahoma City.


(5) direct the FBI director, the Attorney General, and the National
Security Adviser to prepare a Presidential Decision Directive authorizing
any and all further steps necessary to combat foreign and domestic
terrorism.


II. New Legislative Proposals

(1) INVESTIGATIONS

o Hire approximately 1000 new agents, prosecutors, and other federal law
enforcement and support personnel to investigate, deter, and prosecute
terrorist activity.


o Pass legislation to require, within 1 year, the inclusion of taggants
in standard explosive device raw materials which will permit tracing of
the materials post-explosion.

This proposal would require the inclusion of microscopic particles in
certain raw materials, thereby permitting law enforcement to trace the
source of the explosive even after a device has been detonated.


o Require the BATF to study and report on 1) the tagging of explosive
materials for purposes of identification and detection; 2) whether common
chemicals used to manufacture explosives can be rendered inert for use in
explosives; and 3) whether controls can be imposed on certain precursor
chemicals used to manufacture explosives.

In light of recent bombing incidents, there is a need to develop
technologies that will make it possible to detect concealed explosives.
Additionally, if bombings do take place, a means of providing some clues
is needed to lead investigators to those responsible for the explosion.
Moreover, since explosives can be manufactured using common agricultural
and household materials, it is important to determine whether such
materials can be manufactured in a manner so that their use in explosives
is unlikely. Finally, the study would determine whether any reasonable
controls can be placed on precursor chemicals, e.g., ammonium nitrate,
which have many legitimate uses.


o Amend the Posse Comitatus Act to permit military participation in
crime-fighting involving weapons of mass destruction.

This proposal would amend Federal Laws, which severely limit the role of
the military in domestic law enforcement, to permit military
participation in criminal cases involving chemical, biological, and other
weapons of mass destruction; areas in which the military has specialized
expertise.


o Amend the Electronic Communications Privacy Act of 1868 to
constitutionally enhance use of electronic surveillance to fight
terrorism.

This proposal would: permit any federal felony to be used as a basis for
an electronic surveillance order; ease restrictions on the use, in
American court proceedings, of information from electronic surveillance
conducted by foreign governments; forbid suppression of electronic
evidence unless law enforcement acted in bad faith in obtaining the
evidence; authorize emergency electronic surveillance in situations
involving threats by domestic terrorist organizations, authorize roving
wiretaps where it is not practical to specify the number of the phone to
be tapped, such as where a target uses multiple pay phones; allow the
FBI to obtain records of local telephone calls, without the need for a
court order, as they can own obtain records of long-diastase calls; and
require telephone companies and/or service providers to preserve evidence
until a court order could be obtained. None of these changes would alter
the requirement for probable cause prior to engaging in electronic
surveillance.


(2) PROSECUTION


o Amend federal law to criminalize the use of all chemical weapons to
include all forms of chemical weapons.

This bill would amend federal law to include chemical weapons in
non-gaseous form. Under existing law, chemical weapons in gaseous form
are covered, but those which are in liquid or solid form are not. Thus,
for example, an individual who introduces dioxin in solid form into the
water supply of a city would not be chargeable under current law.


o Make it illegal to possess explosives knowing that they are stolen.

This proposal would conform explosive laws to existing firearms statutes,
making it a crime for an individual to possess explosives which the
individual knows are stolen.

o Extend the statute of limitations on the National Firearms Act to five
(5) years.

This proposal would extend from three (3) to five (5) years the statute
of limitations for prosecution for violations of the National Firearms
Act, which deals with explosive and incendiary bombs. This change brings
the statue of limitations for these offenses in line with similar
criminal provisions.


o Provide the Secretary of Treasury authority to direct the use of
treasury department aircraft to support emergency law enforcement
situations.

This proposal would authorize the Secretary of Treasury to authorize the
use of Treasury Department aircraft in support of emergency law
enforcement crises.


o Amend reward statutes to reduce restrictions on making rewards.

This proposal would provide the Attorney General authority to pay a
reward which is not subject to the spending limitations contained in 18
U.S.C. Sec. 3059 and 3072, provided that any reward of $100,000 or more
may not be made without the approval of the President of the Attorney
General, and such approval may not be delegated.


(3) PENALTIES


o Increase the penalty for anyone convicted of transferring a firearm or
explosive knowing that it will be used to commit a crime of violence or
drug trafficking crime.

This proposal will provide a mandatory penalty of not less than 10 years
for any person who transfers a firearm knowing or having reasonable cause
to believe that a firearm will be used to commit a crime of violence or
drug-trafficking crime.


o Amend 18 U.S.C. Sec. 111 to provide enhanced penalties for all current
and former federal employees against terrorist attacks.

The existing statute only protects enumerated categories of current
Federal employees. The proposed statute would provide enhanced penalties
for crimes against all current and former federal employees, and their
immediate families, when the crime is committed because of the official
duties of the federal employee.

http://www.epic.org/privacy/terrorism/clinton_terrorism_proposal.txt

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2. WHITE HOUSE FACT SHEET ON COUNTER-TERRORISM MEASURES

October 1996

WHITE HOUSE FACT SHEET ON COUNTER-TERRORISM MEASURES
(Source: U.S. Information Agency)
Washington -- The counter-terrorism measures signed into law by President Clinton October 9 constitute a broad-based strategy ranging from increased security at federal buildings to tighter scrutiny of aircraft cargo.

The $1,097 million authorized includes money to relocate U.S. forces stationed in Saudi Arabia, where car bombs killed 24 in two incidents, and up-graded security provisions like concrete barriers and intrusion detection devices at posts elsewhere in the world.

The money will provide more resources for U.S. attorneys and federal judges to handle criminal cases arising from terrorism, and will increase security at FBI headquarters and other federal buildings.

A compilation by the White House details other counter-terror steps now approved by law.

Following is the text of the Fact Sheet from the White House:

THE PRESIDENT'S COUNTERTERRORISM PROPOSAL
TOTAL: $1.097 BILLION (Gore Commission, $429.4 Million)

SCREEN CHECKED BAGGAGE: $91.1 MILLION (APPROVED)

Purchase and install 54 CTX-5000SP FAA-certified explosive detection systems for screening checked baggage at U.S. airports. These screeners use computed tomography technology to automatically identify threat objects in checked baggage. Purchase 79 trace detectors to help resolve alarms identified by the CTX systems. Purchase and install 20 dual energy x-ray machines, and five Quadropole Resonance machines to help detect explosives. (Federal Aviation Administration)

SCREEN CARRY-ON BAGGAGE: $37.8 MILLION (APPROVED)

Purchase 410 trace detectors for screening electronics and other carry-on items. These machines take a sample from the surface of a laptop computer, cellular telephone or other item and can detect minute traces (parts per billion) of explosive materials. (Federal Aviation Administration)

CANINE TEAMS: $8.9 MILLION (APPROVED)

Fund 114 canine teams at U.S. airports. These dog and trainer teams will be used for tasks that include inspection of suspicious baggage, cargo, as well as aircraft and parked vehicles located on airport grounds. (Federal Aviation Administration)

AUGMENT FAA SECURITY RESEARCH: $20 MILLION (APPROVED)

Increase by more than 50 percent FAA's Security Research budget. This increase will speed the introduction of new technologies for explosive detection, aircraft hardening, airport security technology integration, as well as aviation security human factors research. (Federal Aviation Administration)

SECURITY WORKFORCE: $18 MILLION (APPROVED)

Double the FAA security workforce over a three year period -- an increase of 600 positions. The $18 million requested would hire 100 additional security agents in 1997 and 200 in 1998. (Federal Aviation Administration)

VULNERABILITY ASSESSMENTS: $5.5 MILLION (APPROVED)

Conduct or update vulnerability assessments at the busiest U.S. airports. The results of these assessments would be used to develop an action plan to improve and maintain security at each airport. (Federal Aviation Administration)

PASSENGER PROFILING: $10 MILLION (APPROVED)

Augment airline reservation and check-in computer systems with passenger profiling capabilities. This system would use information already collected and stored in reservation systems and other existing databases to identify passengers on whom to concentrate additional security measures. (Federal Aviation Administration)

SCREENER TRAINING: $5.3 MILLION (APPROVED)

Install computer training and testing systems to improve the performance of baggage screening personnel. This system would randomly insert "ghost" images of various threat objects into x-ray images of checked and carry-on baggage to test screener alertness and proficiency. (Federal Aviation Administration)

SCREEN PASSENGERS (PORTALS) AND DOCUMENT SCANNERS: $1 MILLION (APPROVED)

Conduct operational testing of new applications of trace detection systems for screening documents (e.g., boarding passes, passports) and passengers. (Federal Aviation Administration)

ANTI-TERRORISM ASSISTANCE TO FOREIGN GOVERNMENTS: $2 MILLION (APPROVED AS EARMARK OF EXISTING FUNDS)

Provide increased funding for training and equipment to foreign countries to enhance the anti-terrorism skills and abilities of foreign law enforcement and security officials. (State Department)

DEPLOYING EXISTING TECHNOLOGY TO INSPECT INTERNATIONAL AIR CARGO: $31.4 MILLION (APPROVED, BUT NEED ADDITIONAL AUTHORITY TO MAXIMIZE EFFECTIVENESS)

Deploy x-ray and other existing explosives detection technologies for joint Customs and airline use to inspect outbound international air cargo for explosives and other dangerous weapons that may jeopardize the safety of air passengers. Customs would enter into cooperative agreements with airlines and air cargo authorities for the use of such equipment. (Customs Service)

PROVIDE ADDITIONAL AIR/COUNTERTERRORISM SECURITY: $26.6 MILLION (APPROVED, BUT NEED ADDITIONAL AUTHORITY TO MAXIMIZE EFFECTIVENESS)

Provide Customs with the legal authority and resources to effectively target and screen international air passengers and cargo by requiring the submission of advance cargo and passenger manifest information. Provide Customs with the legal authority and resources to screen outgoing international mail being loaded on U.S. flights for explosives and other dangerous weapons. Customs will also hire 140 additional inspectors and agents to inspect outbound international air travelers, international mail, international air cargo, and to work cooperatively with the FBI on counterterrorism investigations. (Customs Service)

TAGGANTS STUDY: $21.3 MILLION (APPROVED)

Conduct a comprehensive study of taggants used in explosives (as opposed to the interim report that congressional funding would allow). The study also will examine black and smokeless powder. Specifically, the study will discuss:

-- the feasibility of imposing controls on certain precursor chemicals used to make explosives;

-- the feasibility of making common chemicals used to manufacture explosives inert (and development of proposed regulations); and

-- the feasibility of tagging explosive materials for purposes of detection and identification;

Also, conduct studies of:

-- state licensing requirements for purchase and use of commercial high explosives; and

-- armor-piercing ammunition.

(Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, and Firearms)

EXPLOSIVES DETECTION TRAINING: $1.8 MILLION (APPROVED)

Develop and produce instruction and training materials on recognition and detection of explosives and improvised explosive devices. This funding will allow the staffing and presentation of two to three courses in FY 1997. Training will he presented to federal, state, and local law enforcement, and FAA and airline industry personnel. (Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, and Firearms)

CAPACITY TO COLLECT AND ASSEMBLE EXPLOSIVES DATA: $2.1 MILLION (APPROVED)

Enhance the Explosive Incident System to include a digital library of previously encountered devices. This library will include descriptions of the material contained within the devices. (Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, and Firearms)

INCREASED STAFFING: $91.7 MILLION (MOSTLY APPROVED)

This component increases FBI's staffing. The funding will allow the FBI to: establish an infrastructure/Key Asset program to identify Key Assets in our nation's infrastructure which, if damaged or sabotaged, could cause systemic problems through communities, cities, or the nation; enhance capability for investigations of domestic groups, such as militias, and right-wing groups such as the Aryan Nations; enhance capabilities for investigations relative to chemical/biological/nuclear (CBN) matters; address additional hiring and procurement services related to resources provided through the 1997 Amendment; improve Counterterrorism operational support; and fund FBI-sponsored joint terrorism task forces. This would increase FBI's capability by 100 percent by providing significant additional resources to FBI's anti-terrorism efforts. (Federal Bureau of Investigation)

IMPROVE DOMESTIC INTELLIGENCE: $38.9 MILLION (MOSTLY APPROVED)

Create additional positions (including agents) to support: a Computer Investigations Threat Assessment Center (CITAC) to identify, investigate, and counter illegal electronic intrusion into government computer networks; a database to maintain and organize information relating to key physical assets; two Field Translation Centers staffed with 50 contract translators; and 210 field INTELINK workstations. The increased domestic intelligence capability is necessary to deal with heightened threat to American assets and interests. This funding will also allow the FBI to replace NIGHTSTALKER, which is used for both daytime and nighttime overhead surveillance and response coordination. (Federal Bureau of Investigation)

IMPROVE FORENSIC/CRISIS MANAGEMENT CAPABILITIES: $16 MILLION (MOSTLY APPROVED)

Create additional positions (including agents) and fund: the development of a hazardous materials/chemical/biological/nuclear (CBN) capability within the FBI laboratory to research better methods for response to CBN activities, the purchase of Hazardous Response Team CBN clothing and equipment, and provide for the operations of the Critical Incident Response Group. The enhanced forensic capability will enable the FBI to deal with today's more sophisticated terrorism threat. (Federal Bureau of Investigation)



(OTHER COUNTER-TERRORISM PROPOSALS, $667.4 MILLION) FACILITIES: $436.9 MILLION

PERSIAN GULF FORCE PROTECTION: $122.6 MILLION (APPROVED)

Relocate troops to more secure areas, buy and install fences, berms, Jersey barriers, intrusion detection devices, and other force protection items; and expand intelligence gathering, analysis and dissemination capability. (Defense Department)

Overseas Physical Security Upgrades: $138.5 Million (Approved)

Increase the physical protection for U.S. forces outside the Persian Gulf by hardening gates; installing fences, concrete barriers, and intrusion detection devices; and expanding the secure perimeter around many installations. The Department will also purchase body armor and upgrade armored vehicles to meet the new terrorist capabilities. (Defense Department)

UPGRADE OVERSEAS SECURITY FOR THE INTERNATIONAL TRADE ADMINISTRATION: $9.4 MILLION (APPROVED, AS PART OF SECURITY OF U.S. MISSIONS, PG. 8)

Upgrade security and fund relocations for 42 non-chancery locations for the International Trade Administration's Foreign Commercial Service. Foreign Commercial Service officers promote U.S. trade worldwide and are located within international business districts that may be at risk for terrorism. (Commerce Department)

ENHANCE SECURITY OF INFECTIOUS DISEASE LABORATORIES: $23 MILLION (APPROVED)

Enhance security at the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's (CDC) Atlanta headquarters and better protect laboratories containing dangerous infectious agents against possible attacks by increasing the buffer zone around CDC's headquarters through the purchase of land and installation of security fences, improving emergency power arrangements, enhancing the screening of incoming mail, and tightening control over access to the buildings. (Department of Health and Human Services)

DEPARTMENT OF INTERIOR FACILITY SECURITY AND TRAINING: $15.9 MILLION (APPROVED)

Funds would provide for additional training of National Park Service and Fish and Wildlife Service law enforcement personnel, as well as improved security-related equipment. Specific equipment include enhanced communications systems, magnetometers, x-ray machines (for building and facility security), improved perimeter fencing (at Bureau of Reclamation dams), as well as various other upgrades to minimize monuments and facilities vulnerabilities. Most of the proposed activities are in accordance with the recommendations in the Department of Justice Vulnerability Assessment of Federal Facilities conducted after the Oklahoma City bombing. (Interior Department)

COURTS OF APPEALS' DISTRICT COURTS, AND OTHER JUDICIAL SERVICES: $10 MILLION (APPROVED, $3.2 OF THE $10 MILLION IN CONTINGENCY FUNDING)

Enable the Judiciary to handle the additional workload envisioned in the Antiterrorism and Effective Death Penalty Act of 1996. Specifically, the funds would be used for representation, processing and collections related to victim restitution orders; costs associated with the hiring of additional United States Attorneys; and the provision of additional security at federal court houses. (Judiciary)

FBI: BUILDING SECURITY; $7 MILLION (APPROVED)

Provide a secure working environment for FBI employees by allowing the FBI to: purchase additional x-ray machines and magnetometers for security at various field offices; upgrade building security monitoring systems; increase contract guard services at field offices with inadequate security staffing; and hire security officers at the Washington Metropolitan Field Office. (Federal Bureau of Investigation)

UNITED STATES ATTORNEYS: $15.6 MILLION (APPROVED, $10.9 OF THE $15.6 MILLION)

Fund 30 new positions to handle terrorism-related cases and increased wiretap activity. The new funds will also be used to enhance building security at U.S. Attorneys' offices around the country and to ensure compatibility with the FBI's Computer Investigation Threat Assessment Center (CITAC) efforts. (Justice Department)

DRUG ENFORCEMENT ADMINISTRATION (DEA); $7 MILLION (APPROVED, $5 MILLION OF THE $7 MILLION REQUESTED)

Prevent terrorist or drug trafficker retaliatory attacks by providing funds to help improve the physical security of DEA office buildings and vehicles. The funds will be used for DEA's Headquarters Office, as well as various domestic and foreign field offices, and will include six armored vehicles and residential security radios for residences. (Drug Enforcement Agency)

DIPLOMATIC SECURITY: $23.7 MILLION (APPROVED)

Fund additional guard protection at overseas office and residential facilities, armored vehicles to meet increased threat needs in the Persian Gulf and other high threat areas, security equipment overseas including closed circuit television cameras and alarms, increased training and awareness programs, enhanced capability for emergency security support, and additional explosive detection equipment. Security enhancements to protect American personnel are required to meet the heightened threat of terrorist activity. (State Department)

SECURITY OF U.S. MISSIONS: $14.3 MILLION (APPROVED, ALONG WITH ADDITIONAL SUMS FOR OTHER AGENCIES' OVERSEAS SECURITY PROPOSALS, TOTALING $22.9 MILLION)

Fund additional security upgrades at U.S. diplomatic facilities including the construction of walls or other barriers to improve perimeter security, anti-ram protection at facility entrances, relocation of staff from physically vulnerable space, installation of blast resistant windows, and other projects to harden facilities against terrorist threats. (State Department)

ATF: CRITICAL INCIDENT RESPONSE TEAMS FOR POST BLAST DEPLOYMENT: $7.2 MILLION (APPROVED)

Enable ATF to have forensic facilities available at bomb scenes to collect and analyze post-blast evidence. The funding would also allow the hiring of 11 additional personnel who would work at bomb scenes to provide post-blast expertise. Also, funding will be provided to allow the purchase of additional tactical and computer equipment needed to perform post-blast investigations. (Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, and Firearms)

ATF: ADDITIONAL SECURITY FOR FEDERAL FACILITIES: $6.7 MILLION (APPROVED)

Provide funds for relocating ATF headquarters. (Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, and Firearms)

UNITED STATES SECRET SERVICE (USSS): ADDITIONAL SECURITY EQUIPMENT: $1.1 MILLION (APPROVED)

Provide radiation detection equipment, additional security improvements at the Treasury building, rescue unit systems and intruder system upgrades. (United States Secret Service)

USSS: EQUIPMENT REPLACEMENT RELATED TO AIRPLANE CRASH: $1.4 MILLION (APPROVED)

Replace equipment lost in the crash of the Air Force C-130 on August 17, 1996 in Wyoming. Much of this equipment is used to protect the President during his travels. (United States Secret Service)

CUSTOMS SERVICE: EXPLOSIVES AND RADIATION DETECTION EQUIPMENT: $2.2 MILLION (APPROVED)

Provide Customs with explosives/radiation detection equipment for use by inspectors at heavily trafficked gateway ports. This equipment will he used to assist inspectors by helping them detect explosive and radioactive materials smuggled in imported merchandise. (Customs Service)

OVERSEAS BUILDING SECURITY: $0.6 MILLION (APPROVED AS EARMARK OF EXISTING FUNDS)

Improve the security of overseas facilities and increase the protection of U.S. government employees by providing improved communications equipment in cases of emergency, additional guard protection at overseas facilities, a heavily armored vehicle, and driver training for emergency situations. (Agency for International Development)

PERSONNEL AND PROTECTIVE MEASURES: $3.3 MILLION (PARTIALLY FUNDED)

Enhance and acquire security equipment and guard services; develop and deliver training for employees; and provide terrorism-specific upgrades for Federal Regional Centers. (Federal Emergency Management Agency)

FIREFIGHTER/EMERGENCY SERVICES FINANCIAL ASSISTANCE: $2.7 MILLION (PARTIALLY FUNDED)

Enable FEMA to provide grants to state and local emergency responders for specialized training and equipment. (Federal Emergency Management Agency)

HEADQUARTERS BUILDING SECURITY: $0.2 MILLION (APPROVED)

Reduce the vulnerability of OPM's Headquarters building to entrance by unauthorized vehicles by installing pop-up vehicle barriers at building garage entrances. Purchase magnetometers to screen walk-in visitors to areas of the building open to the public (e.g., the Federal Job Information Center and the Retirement Information Center). (Office of Personnel Management)

PUBLIC BUILDING AND MUSEUM SECURITY: $7.3 MILLION (APPROVED)

Reduce vulnerability to terrorist threats by improving detection equipment, hiring additional security personnel, and conducting comprehensive threat assessment studies. (Smithsonian Institution and Museums)

FACILITY SECURITY: $2.5 MILLION (APPROVED)

Fund security improvements required to protect USIA personnel and facilities vulnerable to terrorist threats including emergency communication equipment, surveillance equipment, secure vehicles, alarms, additional guard services, and visitor screening areas. (United States Information Agency)

OTHER TREASURY DEPARTMENT: BUILDING SECURITY: $14.7 MILLION (APPROVED, EXCEPT $161K FOR BUREAU OF PUBLIC DEBT)

Provides funds for staffing and other costs related to enhanced Federal building security. These enhancements will be performed in accordance with the Department of Justice Vulnerability Assessment of Federal Facilities conducted after the Oklahoma City bombing. (Treasury Department)

Enforcement: $114 Million

EXPANDING THE BUREAU OF EXPORT ADMINISTRATION'S EFFORTS TO DETECT ILLEGAL EXPORTS: $3.9 MILLION (APPROVED)

Fund 22 criminal investigators for the Bureau of Export Administration (BXA) to expand its export enforcement efforts. These criminal investigators will focus on preventing exporting commodities that could be used to develop and deliver weapons of mass destruction, including biological agents, nuclear weapons, and missile development. The funding will be used at BXA's headquarters and eight field offices. (Commerce Department)

IMPROVE TECHNOLOGY TO PREVENT NUCLEAR SMUGGLING: $8 MILLION (DENIED, BUT RELATED ITEM FUNDED IN THE FY 1997 ENERGY/WATER APPROPRIATIONS BILL)

Expand DOE assistance in control of nuclear materials at U.S. Customs and border control points. Expand analytical and technical support by DOE's national laboratories to U.S. intelligence and law enforcement agencies. Speed the development of prototype equipment for "tagging" nuclear materials and for active methods to enhance detection and trace the source of trafficked material. (Energy Department)

FBI: CRITICAL INCIDENT RESPONSE FACILITY: $2 MILLION (DENIED)

Fund architecture and engineering for a facility to support the Critical Incident Response Group (CIRG). The CIRG is currently staffed by 147 Special Agents and 60 support personnel who provide operational support, guidance, and training in cases involving crisis management, hostage negotiation, abduction or mysterious disappearance of children, serial killings, Criminal Investigative Analysis, Special Weapons Tactics, the protection of the Attorney General, and the assessment, selection and training of FBI undercover employees. The CIRG building would be located at the Quantico Marine Corps Base. (Federal Bureau of Investigation)

IMMIGRATION AND NATURALIZATION SERVICE (INS): $15 MILLION (APPROVED)

Enhance INS intelligence gathering activities and improve coordination with the State Department, FBI and other law enforcement agencies. The funds will allow INS to better monitor the number and expanded scope of international alien smuggling rings and improve its ability to interdict possible terrorist entry into the country. These funds will also be available to support the detention and removal of aliens with ties to terrorist organizations. (Immigration and Naturalization Service)

OTHER JUSTICE DEPARTMENT ACTIVITIES: $14.2 MILLION (PARTIALLY FUNDED)

Provide funds for additional building security, local law enforcement training, and enhanced intelligence collection and analysis. Includes funds for: the Office of Intelligence Policy and Review (OIPR) -- for increased electronic surveillance activity as well as funding to respond to increased wiretap requests and handling extradition and mutual assistance cases involving terrorism. (Justice Department)

COUNTER-TERRORISM FUND: $35 MILLION (CONTINGENCY FUND) (APPROVED, $20 OF $35 MILLION REQUESTED)

Provide contingency resources that could become available in the future. It would give the President and the Attorney General flexibility to respond to any terrorist threats or actual acts of terrorism. The existing Counter-terrorism Fund will be converted to a contingency fund for counter-terrorism. (Justice Department)

ATF: INSPECTING EXPLOSIVES LICENSEES AND PERMITTEES: $1.8 MILLION (APPROVED)

Work to provide 100 percent annual inspection of explosives manufacturing and storage facilities. With the hiring of 17 additional inspectors in fiscal 1997, ATF will increase the percentage of explosives licensees and permittees who can be inspected. In fiscal 1995, ATF was only able to inspect between 40 to 50 percent of the current explosive licensee and permittees. (Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, and Firearms)

FEDERAL LAW ENFORCEMENT TRAINING CENTER (FLETC): $4.1 MILLION (APPROVED)

Provide basic training for new counter-terrorism personnel, and provide needed physical security enhancements for the FLETC facility. (Treasury Department)

SALARIES AND EXPENSES: $6 MILLION (APPROVED)

Provide funds for NTSB to reimburse the Navy and other federal agencies for costs incurred to recovery wreckage from TWA flight 800. (National Transportation Safety Board)

EMERGENCY FUND: $1 MILLION (APPROVED)

Replenish the agency's Emergency Fund, depleted by the recovery and investigation of TWA flight 800. (National Transportation Safety Board)

ENHANCE NEST NUCLEAR COUNTER-TERRORISM PROGRAM: $15 MILLION (DENIED, BUT RELATED ITEMS FUNDED IN THE FY 1991 ENERGY/WATER APPROPRIATIONS BILL)

Enhance Nuclear Energy Search Team (NEST) capabilities by conducting a realistic deployment exercise. The Department will also expand training of non-Federal personnel who are likely to be first on the scene of a nuclear terrorist incident and improve technology to analyze and render-safe a potential terrorist nuclear device. (Energy Department)

RESEARCH AND SPECIAL PROJECTS ADMINISTRATION (RSPA): TRANSPORTATION SYSTEM VULNERABILITY ASSESSMENT: $2.5 MILLION (APPROVED)

Perform a Transportation System Vulnerability Assessment that will provide necessary information for use in protecting all modes of transportation from both physical and information-based threats. (Transportation Department)

RSPA: ADVISORY COMMITTEE ON SURFACE TRANSPORTATION SECURITY: $0.5 MILLION (APPROVED)

Contract with National Academy of Sciences to form an Advisory Committee on Surface Transportation Security. (Transportation Department)

ATF: EXPAND CANINE TRAINING AND CERTIFICATION PROGRAM: $7.5 MILLION (APPROVED)

Offer a training program for explosives detecting canines used by other Federal, State, local, and other law enforcement agencies. These funds will allow ATF to: train 29 new canines in fiscal 1997 (with a goal of 100 canines in each year thereafter) allowing for expanded use of canines in explosive detection, participate in the drafting of canine certification criteria, build additional kennel and training facilities, annually recertify canines, participate in a working group on canine certification criteria, and to hire 23 additional personnel, including 8 trainers. (Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, and Firearms)

ATF: CAR BOMB STUDIES: $3 MILLION (APPROVED)

Continue to work with the Defense Department and the State Department in conducting large vehicle bomb tests. Test detonations of various explosive materials will be performed and data collected to aid in the analysis and investigation of large scale car bombings. These funds would allow the hiring of one additional chemist and four explosives technology specialists. (Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, and Firearms)

ATF: EMERGENCY CONTINGENCY FUNDING: $15 MILLION (APPROVED, FOR TREASURY DEPARTMENT)

Provide the Treasury Secretary with a fund of $15 million to be used to reimburse any Treasury organization for extraordinary expenses incurred in providing support to counter, investigate, or prosecute terrorism. (Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, and Firearms)

ATF: EXPLOSIVES INTELLIGENCE AND SUPPORT SYSTEMS: $14.2 MILLION (APPROVED)

Hire 31 additional special agents and research specialists to gather intelligence to be used to prevent bombings. These same individuals also would be involved in the response to, and investigation of bombings. A large portion of the funds would be dedicated to providing essential computer support systems to support these intelligence functions. (Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, and Firearms)

DEPARTMENTAL OFFICES: OFFICE OF FOREIGN ASSETS CONTROL: SEIZE FOREIGN ASSETS OF TERRORISTS AND TERRORIST-SPONSORING ORGANIZATION: $0.3 MILLION (APPROVED)

Enable the Office of Foreign Assets Control to hire additional staff to support the recent expansion of sanction programs targeting international terrorists and their sponsoring organizations and states. (Treasury Department)

Consequence Management (Protecting Americans from the Effects of Terrorism) and Other Vital Efforts: $116.6 Million

OFFICE OF EMERGENCY PREPAREDNESS: $5.8 MILLION (APPROVED)

Strengthen HHS' ability to prepare for and respond to health and medical consequences of terrorist attacks including the development of metropolitan emergency response teams of non-Federal health professionals trained to respond to medical consequences of terrorist attack; research to improve detection, protection, and treatment of nuclear/biological/chemical attacks; development of expertise in identifying appropriate treatment for specific chemical agents and infectious organisms; and purchase or pharmaceuticals, such as antidotes, to assist with treating victims of chemical attacks. (Department of Health and Human Services)

TRAINING, AWARENESS, AND INFORMATION PROGRAMS: $93.1 MILLION (APPROVED)

Conduct terrorism awareness programs to make soldiers and sailors aware of the threat, the potential targets, and the standard tactics terrorists use. Various training efforts will enable soldiers, sailors, and airmen to use the physical protection equipment effectively. The Department will also take steps to protect its information infrastructure from attack, and increase its ability to disseminate information about terrorist organizations and their targets to field commanders. (Defense Department)

CONSEQUENCE MANAGEMENT PLANNING AND COORDINATION: $9.3 MILLION (PARTIALLY FUNDED)

Integrate consequence management response activities into the interagency Federal Response Plan to ensure an efficient and coordinated Federal response and integration at the Federal, State, and local levels, and enhance emergency management teams' capabilities in these specialized areas. FEMA has been designated the lead Federal agency for consequence management response activities in relation to terrorist incidents. (Federal Emergency Management Agency)

FEDERAL/STATE/LOCAL ASSESSMENT, TRAINING, AND EXERCISES: $8.4 MILLION (PARTIALLY FUNDED)

Enable FEMA to revise or develop Federal level and field training; develop a terrorism annex to its existing all-hazards planning document; conduct full-scale Federal exercises to ensure appropriate deployment and coordination of Federal Response Plan agencies; develop and deliver simulation training; and assess and improve State and local consequence activities. (Federal Emergency Management Agency)

NATIONAL FOREIGN INTELLIGENCE (APPROVED)

Expand the capability of national foreign intelligence to combat terrorism. The initiative includes, but is not limited to, the following:

CREATION OF A NATIONAL-LEVEL FOREIGN TERRORISM WARNING GROUP WITHIN THE COUNTER TERRORISM CENTER.

This expert group will focus exclusively on the review of intelligence from all sources to provide warning of possible foreign terrorist attacks against U.S. or our allies.

Significant increase in CIA operatives.

These additional Directorate of Operations case officers will work overseas to collect information on foreign terrorism. We are also increasing the number officers assigned to the Counter Terrorism Center to work against foreign terrorists.

Expansion of intelligence for "force protection."

Carefully-assembled intelligence teams will help protect our military facilities and overseas government facilities. This initiative will expand our current use of National Intelligence Support Teams, which now assist our military in the Balkans and in Saudi Arabia.

Increased capability of U.S. intelligence to act forcefully against terrorists worldwide.

(end text) NNNN 7DA513CC58CF--

http://www.epic.org/privacy/terrorism/WH_fact_sheet_10_96.html

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3. G7/P8 MINISTERIAL CONFERENCE ON TERRORISM

This document was originally posted at http://insight.mcmaster.ca/org/efc/pages/doc/g7.html
Obtained from: Department of Foreign Affairs and International Trade (CANADA)
G7/P8 MINISTERIAL CONFERENCE ON TERRORISM

Paris, July 30, 1996
The participants at the Lyon Summit voiced their determination to give absolute priority to the fight against terrorism. They decided to examine and implement, in cooperation with all States, all measures likely to strengthen the capacity of the international community to defeat terrorism. To that end, they called for a meeting of their Foreign Ministers and their Ministers responsible for security to be held without delay to recommend further actions.

In line with this decision, we met in Paris on July 30, 1996.

We undertook a thorough review of new trends in terrorism throughout the world. We noted with deep concern the use in 1996 of powerful explosive weapons by terrorists. We reiterate our fundamental view that there can be no excuse for terrorism. Our discussions underscored our agreement on the need to find solutions that take account of all the factors likely to ensure a lasting settlement of unresolved conflicts and on the need for attending to conditions which could nurture the development of terrorism.

We noted that there is a growing commitment within the international community to condemn terrorism in whatever shape or form, regardless of its motives; to make no concessions to terrorists; and to implement means, consistent with fundamental freedoms and the rule of law, to effectively fight terrorism. We are determined to work with all States, in full observance of the principles and standards of international law and human rights, in order to achieve the goal of eliminating terrorism, as affirmed in the Declaration adopted by the United Nations General Assembly in December 1994. To this end, we have, with the course laid down in our Ottawa Declaration of December 12, 1995 and the work that followed the Sharm-el-Sheikh Summit, framed a body of practical measures which we are resolved to implement among ourselves.

We also invite all States to adopt these measures so as to impart greater efficiency and coherence to the fight against terrorism. In order to harness our own capacities more tightly we decided to establish among our countries a directory of counter-terrorism competencies, skills, and expertise to facilitate practical cooperation.

I. Adopting Internal Measures to Prevent Terrorism:

1/ IMPROVING COUNTER-TERRORISM COOPERATION AND CAPABILITIES:

We call on all States to:

1.
strengthen internal cooperation among all government agencies and services concerned with different aspects of counter-terrorism.
2.
expand training of personnel connected with counter-terrorism to prevent all forms of terrorist action, including those utilizing radioactive, chemical, biological, or toxic substances.
3.
in line with the efforts carried out in the fields of air and maritime transportation and in view of widespread terrorist attacks on modes of mass ground transportation, such as railway, underground, and bus transport systems, recommend that transportation security officials of interested States urgently undertake consultations to improve the capability of governments to prevent, investigate, and respond to terrorist attacks on means of public transportation, and to cooperate with other governments in this respect. These consultations should include standardization of passenger and cargo manifests and adoption of standard means of identifying vehicles to aid investigations of terrorist bombings.
4.
accelerate research and development of methods of detection of explosives and other harmful substances that can cause death or injury, and undertake consultations on the development of standards for marking explosives in order to identify their origin in post-blast investigations, and promote cooperation where appropriate.
2/ DETERRENCE, PROSECUTION, AND PUNISHMENT OF TERRORISTS:

We call on all States to:

5.
when sufficient justification exists according to national laws, investigate the abuse of organizations, groups, or associations, including those with charitable, social, or cultural goals, by terrorist using them as a cover for their own activities.
6.
note the risk of terrorist using electronic or wire communications systems and networks to carry out criminal acts and the need to find means, consistent with national law, to prevent such criminality.
7.
adopt effective domestic laws and regulations including export controls to govern the manufacture, trading, transport, and export of firearms, explosives, or any device designed to cause violent injury, damage, or destruction in order to prevent their use for terrorists' acts.
8.
take steps within their power to immediately review and amend as necessary their domestic anti-terrorist legislation to ensure, inter alia, that terrorists' acts are established as serious criminal offences and that the seriousness of terrorists' acts is duly reflected in the sentence served.
9.
bring to justice any person accused of participation in the planning, preparation, or perpetration of terrorist acts or participation in supporting terrorist acts.
10.
refrain from providing any form of support, whether active or passive, to organizations or persons involved in terrorist activity.
11.
accelerate consultation, in appropriate bilateral or multilateral fora, on the use of encryption that allows, when necessary, lawful government access to data and communications in order, inter alia, to prevent or investigate acts of terrorism, while protecting the privacy of legitimate communications.
3/ ASYLUM, BORDERS, AND TRAVEL DOCUMENTS:

We call on all States to:

12.
take strong measures to prevent the movement of terrorist individuals or groups by strengthening border controls and controls on issuance of identity papers and travel documents, and through measures for preventing counterfeiting, forgery, or use of false papers.
13.
while recognizing that political asylum and the admission of refugees are legitimate rights enshrined in international law, make sure that such a right should not be taken advantage of for terrorist purposes, and seek additional international means to address the subject of refugees and asylum seekers who plan, fund, or commit terrorist acts.
II. Strengthening International Cooperation to Fight Terrorism:

4/ EXPANDING INTERNATIONAL TREATIES AND OTHER ARRANGEMENTS:

We call on all States to:

14.
join international conventions and protocols designed to combat terrorism by the year 2000; enact domestic legislation necessary to implement them; affirm or extend the competence of their courts to bring to trial the authors of terrorist acts; and, if needed, provide support and assistance to other governments for these purposes.
15.
develop if necessary, especially by entering into bilateral and multilateral agreements and arrangements, mutual legal assistance procedures aimed at facilitating and speeding investigations and collecting evidence, as well as cooperation between law enforcement agencies in order to prevent and detect terrorist acts.
In cases where a terrorist activity occurs in several countries, States with jurisdiction should coordinate their prosecutions and the use of mutual assistance measures in a strategic manner so as to be more effective in the fight against terrorist groups.

16.
develop extradition agreements and arrangements, as necessary, in order to ensure that those responsible for terrorist acts are brought to justice; and consider the possibility of extradition even in the absence of a treaty.
17.
promote the consideration and development of an international convention on terrorist bombings or other terrorist acts creating collective danger for persons, to the extent that the existing multilateral counter-terrorism conventions do not provide for cooperation in these areas.
examine, also, the necessity and feasibility of supplementing existing international instruments and arrangements to address other terrorist threats and adopt new instruments as needed.

accelerate in the International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) consultations to establish uniform and strict international standards for bomb detection and the on-going consultations to elaborate and adopt additional heightened security measures at airports, and urge early implementation of screening procedures and all other ICAO standards already agreed upon.

18.
We recommend to States Parties to the Biological Weapons Convention to confirm at the forthcoming Review Conference their commitment to ensure, through adoption of national measures, the effective fulfillment of their obligations under the convention to take any necessary measures to prohibit and prevent the development, production, stockpiling, acquisition, or retention of such weapons within their territory, under their jurisdiction, or under their control anywhere, in order, inter alia, to exclude use of those weapons for terrorist purposes.
5/ TERRORIST FUND RAISING:

We call on all States to:

19.
prevent and take steps to counteract, through appropriate domestic measures, the financing of terrorists and terrorist organizations, whether such financing is direct or indirect through organizations which also have, or claim to have, charitable, social, or cultural goals, or which are also engaged in unlawful activities such as illicit arms trafficking, drug dealing, and racketeering. These domestic measures may include, where appropriate, monitoring and control of cash transfers and bank disclosure procedures.
20.
intensify information exchange concerning international movements of funds sent from one country or received in another country and intended for persons, associations, or groups likely to carry out or support terrorist operations.
21.
consider, where appropriate, adopting regulatory measures in order to prevent movements of funds suspected to be intended for terrorist organizations, without impeding in any way the freedom of legitimate capital movements.
6/ IMPROVING INFORMATION EXCHANGE ON TERRORISM:

We call on all States to:

22.
facilitate exchange of information and the transmission of legal requests through establishing central authorities so organized as to provide speedy co-ordination of requests, it being understood that those central authorities would not be the sole channel for mutual assistance among States. Direct exchanges of information among competent agencies should be encouraged.
23.
intensify exchange of basic information concerning persons or organizations suspected of terrorist-linked activities, in particular on their structure, their modus operandi, and their communication systems in order to prevent terrorist actions.
24.
intensify exchange of operational information, especially as regards:
the actions and movements of persons or groups suspected of belonging to or being connected with terrorist networks,
travel documents suspected of being forgeries or falsified,
traffic in arms, explosives, or sensitive materials,
the use of communications technologies by terrorist groups,
the threat of new types of terrorist activities including those using chemical, biological, or nuclear materials and toxic substances.
25.
find ways of accelerating these exchanges of information and making them more direct, while at the same time preserving their confidentiality in conformity with the laws and regulations of the State supplying the information.
* * *
We commit ourselves to ensure implementation of these measures without delay. To this end, we call upon our appropriate experts to hold the necessary meetings very rapidly.

We ask our experts on terrorism to meet before the end of the year to assess the progress of the work undertaken to implement these measures.

Return to the EPIC Counter-Terrorism Page

http://www.epic.org/privacy/terrorism/g7_resolutions.html

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4. Fact Sheet on Administration Anti-Terrorism Proposals

The following release was issued on July 29th by the White House.

Fact Sheet on Administration Anti-Terrorism Proposals

July 29, 1996

-- Multi-Point Wiretaps.
These were authorized by the Electronic Communications Privacy Act of 1986 (as amended), codified at 18 USC Sec. 2518(11). We propose harmonizing the standards for obtaining a roving microphone and a roving electronic intercept. Under existing law, roving microphone interceptions require only a demonstration of probable cause that it is "impracticable" to use a standard uni-point order, while roving electronic interceptions require a demonstration of probable cause that the subject is attempting to evade surveillance by changing telephone devices. This latter standard is extremely difficult to meet in the investigative phase of a case. By way of example, an individual switching between multiple cellular telephones, all of which he can carry in a brief case, may be doing so to defraud a cellular carrier rather than to evade surveillance. Since the burden is on the government to demonstrate probable cause, an absence of proof means that the burden is not met. Absent a court order, multi-point surveillance like nonconsensual uni-point intercepts is punishable as a crime or a civil offense and evidence gained through the illegal surveillance is subject to supression.

-- Pen Registers and Trap-and-trace devices for foreign intelligence investigations.

Pen registers are devices which record numbers dialed on a telephone. Trap and trace devices record the incoming number similar to Caller ID. Neither records the content of the conversation. Both may be issued on a representation by an attorney for the government -- generally an Assistant United States Attorney -- that the information is "relevant to an ongoing criminal investigation," 18 U. S.C. Sec. 3123(a). In FISA investigations, a full electronic intercept order, approved by the Attorney General must be sought. We seek to harmonize the FISA and criminal standards so that a FISA application may be made on the same showing and representation. Under existing law, a FISA pen register could not be authorized under the criminal standard and the use of a pen register without a court order may result in criminal and/or civil penalties.

-- Taggants

Congress should fund at $25 million a six-month study of indentification taggants -- microscopic partiles which are identifiable and which are designed to survive an explosion -- and thereafter permit the Treasury Department to promulgate regulations -- subject to a 45-day review period - -- which would criminalize the possession of untagged explosives, including black powder and smokeless powder. The 1996 Terrorism Act expressly excludes the study and regulation of black powder.

-- Common Carrier and Public Accomodation Records

We seek authority for the FBI to issue administrative requests -- National Security Letters -- to common carriers, hotels, communications providers and storage facilities for records in foreign counterintelligence (FCI) cases. Under existing law, grand jury subpoenae may be issued in criminal cases, see Fed. R.Crim. P. 6(e), the Attorny General has authority which she has delegated to certain Federal agents in narcotics cases to issue administrative subpoenae. We seek the same authority as exists in routine criminal cases for the FBI in FCI cases. Under existing law, carriers need not comply with an FBI request and there is no sanction for them not doing so. Those who fail to comply with a valid grand jury and/or adminstrative subpoena are subject to penalties which may include criminal contempt.

-- Emergency Wiretap Authority

These are authorized in ECPA in 18 U.S.C. Sec. 2518(7) and permit the Attorney General (and Deputy) to authorize an emergency wiretap without a court order for 48 hours in certain limited situations involving organized crime, national security or immediate risk of injury. At the conclusion of the 48 hours, a standard application must be presented to a judge and if the intercept order is not approved by the judge, evidence gained during the 48-hour period cannot be used. We seek to expand the emergency situation to those which are clearly terrorist related but which do not trigger one of the exceptions. An emergency order granted outside of the specified statutory criteria would constitute an illegal intercept and would subject the interceptor to criminal and civil penalties and the evidence to suppression.

-- Terrorist Offenses as RICO Predicate The Rackateer Influenced Corrupt

Organizations Act (RICO) provides severe criminal, civil and forfeiture penalties for organizations engaged in certain conduct. Although most serious violations are RICO predicates, terrorist acts are not. We propose to make terrorism offenses RICO predicates so that investigators and prosecutors can utilize the proven tools of the statute which include freezing assets, lengthy sentences of imprisonment and favorable case law.

-- Expanded Predicates

ECPA limits the Federal felonies which can constitute a sufficient predicate for an intercept order, see 18 U.S.C. Sec. 2516(1). We propse that any Federal felony ought to constitute a Section 2516(1) predicate when there is a nexus to terrorist activity. While most crimes which are likely predicates in terrorism cases are already listed, in the early stages of a terrorism investigation, it is entirely possible that the only predicate may be a relatively technical crime. By way of example, explosives shipped to a terrorist in the United States but labelled on a Customs declaration as "medical supplies" give rise to a putative violation of Customs statutes. While more serious violations may become apparent through further investigation, investigators may only have the relatively technical false statement violation in the first instance. Under existing law, a court order could not issue. If an intercept were conducted, it would be illegal and could lead to criminal and civil penalties as well as the suppression of evidence.

-- Statute of Limitations on Unregistered Firearms/Explosive Devices

We propse extending the statute of limitations for firearms registration offenses -- crimes designed to prohibit the possession of machine guns and short-barrelled firearms -- from 3 to 5 years. The five-year statute of limitations applies to virtually all other Federal crimes, including the misuse of the Smokey the Bear emblem.

-- Encryption

We will seek legislation to strengthen our ability to prevent terrorists from coming into possession of the technology to encrypt their communications and data so that they are beyond the reach of law enforcement. We oppose legislation that would eliminate current export barriers and encouraging the proliferation of encryption which blocks appropriate access to protect public safety and the national security.

http://www.epic.org/privacy/terrorism/fact_sheet_july96.html