y Alexis Madrigal September 29, 2009 | 12:48 pm | Categories: Physics
By firing calcium isotopes into a plutonium target inside a particle accelerator, scientists at Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory have finally confirmed the Russian discovery of the superheavy element 114.
It wasn’t easy. It took more than a week of running the experiment to generate a measly two atoms of the stuff, which they reported in Physical Review Letters last week. It’s basic science at the outer limits of matter.
“We’re learning the limits of nuclei,” said Ken Gregorich, a nuclear physicist at LBL. “How many protons can you pack into a nucleus before it falls apart?”
Uranium, which has 92 protons in its nucleus, is the heaviest element found in substantial quantities in nature. The first man-made “transuranic” elements like plutonium were discovered and synthesized during the 1940s in the run-up to the creation of nuclear weapons. Since then, it’s gotten harder and harder to produce new elements, but scientists have kept at it. One reason is they hypothesized that certain isotopes of very heavy particles might exist in an “island of stability” that would allow them to stick around longer than the fractions of a second most synthetic elements last.
more:
http://www.wired.com/wiredscience/2009/09/superheavy-elements-are-rad/