For the next half-century, Washington's timber industry will be shielded from Endangered Species Act prosecutions for harming salmon and four dozen other types of water creatures, the federal government declared Monday.
In exchange, the industry pledged to take steps to help salmon, such as leaving forests alongside streams on 9.3 million acres. That's one-fifth of the state, making it the largest such deal in the West. But as speaker after speaker at a signing ceremony cited that figure -- 9.3 million acres protected -- none bothered to bring up the asterisk: Officials don't really know yet how many of those acres actually will get the promised preservation measures.
That's because of breaks granted in the deal to small-time timberland owners. There is no firm figure on how much land is involved. Indian tribes, citing their on-the-ground look at it in portions of the state, objected last week and warned that up to 35 percent of the land supposedly protected might not be. "We don't have a solid answer" about how much acreage won't be subject to the improved conservation measures, acknowledged Bob Turner, the National Marine Fisheries Service executive who shepherded the deal to approval. "That's where the uncertainty lies. ... We want to watch it, and we will."
As a parade of government and timber-industry representatives took the podium at a signing ceremony on the shores of Scott Lake, south of Olympia, all praised the deal, which was worked out in principle in 1999 and approved soon after by the Legislature. It took until Monday for the federal government to sign off. Proponents promised that a series of uncertainties known at the time of the original deal -- uncertainties still not settled -- will be dealt with through a series of studies. If the protections need to be increased to better protect salmon, they will be, said the pact's proponents. "Washington leads the way with a farsighted, science-based approach to the protection of salmon ... and protection of our forestry industry," Gov. Christine Gregoire told about 150 government and timber-industry representatives. She said the deal shows "Washington state will be globally competitive when it comes to timber."
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