Achieving Low-Cost Solar PV:
Industry Workshop Recommendations for Near-Term Balance of System Cost Reductions
Near-term balance of system (BoS) cost-reduction recommendations developed at Rocky Mountain Institute’s Solar PV Balance of System Design Charrette indicate that an improvement of ~50 percent over current best practices is readily achievable. Implementing these recommendations would decrease total BoS costs to $0.60–0.90/watt for large rooftop and ground-mounted systems, and offers a pathway to bring photovoltaic electricity into the conventional electricity price range
In the context of numerous global challenges—including climate change, volatile fuel prices, energy infrastructure insecurity, and rising energy costs—solar photovoltaic (PV) technologies have made great strides during the past fifty years from their origins in special applications like satellites and off-the-grid systems. However, they have not yet been widely adopted for electrical generation. One of the main reasons is cost. Although solar PV has reached grid parity in select markets, significant reductions are still required to make it a true “game-changer.”
Technology development and economies of scale have helped manufacturers of both crystalline silicon and thin film (such as CdTe) PV modules create aggressive yet credible cost-reduction roadmaps.
These trends make BoS costs—which account for approximately half of typical commercial and utility project costs—ever more significant. In addition, BoS cost-reduction opportunities are fragmented—usually not road-mapped or coordinated—and, therefore, progress is unlikely to be as aggressive as it is for modules. In this report, “balance of system” refers to all of the up-front costs associated with a PV system except the module: mounting and racking components, inverters, wiring, installation labor, financing and contractual costs, permitting, and interconnection, among others...
http://rmi.org/Content/Files/BOSReport.pdf