Vietnam Facing Worst Drought In Decades, As Salt Water Intrudes Into Mekong's Rice Bowl - AFP

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QUE DIEN, Vietnam — The rivers that should nourish his thirsty rice paddies are too salty, and the rains are late this year. Dang Roi does not know if he will be able to salvage anything from this spring's crop.

Vietnam is the world's second-biggest rice exporter and the Mekong Delta, where Roi farms, accounts for more than half of its production. But Roi's paddy fields in Ben Tre province are burning up during a drought which meteorologists say is the worst in decades. The dry season should have ended already, but in the yard of Roi's house in Que Dien commune, barrels that collect rainwater for his family's cooking and washing show the desperate situation. They are half-full, or empty.

Experts say Vietnam is one of the countries most threatened by climate change, whose effects are seen in worsening drought, floods, typhoons, exaggerated tides, and rising sea levels. The country is planning for a one-metre (three feet) rise in sea levels by 2100, which would flood about 31,000 square kilometres (12,400 square miles) of land -- an area about the size of Belgium -- unless systems such as dykes are strengthened, said a UN discussion paper released last year.

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While delta farmers cope with drought, they are also challenged by sea water intrusion, which experts also link to climate change. There is little water in the rivers near Roi's fields "and it's salty so we can't pump it" for irrigation, he says. Recalling easier times on his 1.2 hectares (three acres), Roi says, "The rice fields weren't dying like this." The Vietnamese government emphasises the role of climate change in disrupting its agricultural environment, but experts do not rule out an effect from dams upstream in China. That impact could be worsened by the opening of more dams further south in Laos and Cambodia, they say.

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