Yup, there is bound to be some impact on the environment. Now, will it be positive? Negative? How positive? How negative?
Will we be constructing artificial reefs? Will we be constructing chum factories? That's the question that's being asked in New York City's "East River."
http://www.technologyreview.com/Energy/18567/Power ebb: Verdant Power is installing six of these underwater turbines in New York’s East River. Each can capture up to 35 kilowatts of power from the river’s tidal currents.Credit: Verdant Power
... "The whole point of doing kinetic hydro is to have a very small environmental footprint," says Dean Corren, Verdant's director of technology development, who designed the tidal turbines in the early 1980s while conducting energy research at New York University.
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Before the company proceeds, however, it must monitor the first six turbines for 18 months to assuage concerns of federal and state regulators that the turbines, whose tips cut through the water at up to nine meters per second, won't chew up the river's fish. Such qualms have already delayed the first-of-its-kind project by several years. Corren says monitoring to date has shown that few fish venture into the strong currents flowing past the turbines, but he says the extensive studies will provide a critical foundation for future developments.
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http://www.h2bidblog.com/clean-water-effort/tidal-turbines/...
Marine Current TurbineAn advantage of the monopile design is that it effectively addresses the main concerns regarding barrages. There is no permanent blockade of estuaries or navigation channels and fish migration is not impeded. Additionally, these generating stations do not artificially raise or lower the tide in a local region; instead they sit quietly under water, well below ship keels, rotating with the ebb and flow of the tides.
New installations of this type have already begun. In April 2007, five 35kW turbines were installed in the East River in New York City; future plans include a ‘turbine farm’ of approximately 100 such turbines. With the close proximity to coastal cities and no obvious environmental drawbacks, the next generation of tidal turbines appears ready to meet the world’s demand for clean, dependable electricity.