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That's not a good sign.
As for what people should retrain for: the trades. Due to the surge of attendance in colleges in the past few years, there is a gap in the market for trades (like plumbers, electricians, woodworkers, water treatment, mechanics, technicians, etc. that cannot be exported but were deemed "blue collar" class jobs). This way, they could have their own businesses.
It might be advantageous for the government to play a coordinating role or provide business-operating assistance to independent contractors. The trick is to keep the retraining effort diversified. Let's learn from the mistakes we made during the IT retraining initiative in the 90s. Let's diversify the skills that we are retraining for. Have a series of shorter campaigns until you get to the training recruitment levels that meet the market demand for these trades and then move recruitment focus onto another trade. When the first group of recruits graduate, help them start their own businesses -- and since the interest rate is at nearly 0%, give them a loan to start their own business.
It would be better if the recruitment efforts were executed on a federal level, as opposed to a state level. You could minimize the cost of retraining by using economies of scale at the federal level (buy national media at a discount rate, onsite computer hardware technicians, etc.).
Slowly, as the first three sets of recruits become stabilized over 3 to 4 years, begin raising taxes slowly. As well, you will need to employ more people as the program progresses in order to administer the infrastructure that's growing.
I agree that this is not the only solution nor am I saying that this is the best way. But it might serve as a starting point to economic recovery. The US might not have total dominance in all markets but development efforts will begin again once a small but real sign of economic recovery starts (signs that are not reliant solely on how much stock was traded). Morale is down right now and we need to stop the plummeting morale before we can inspire confidence in our markets again.
It may also wean a lot of people off the capital market. There's nothing more secure than concrete skills. There's no guarantee that they won't have to retrain some years down the line in the future -- but there are no guarantees in economics.
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