By Ed Crooks
The perennially reassuring point about the threat of deflation in modern economies is that if governments can create money, though the central bank, they can always create more of it - in theory.
The difficulties arise in practice, when there are obstacles to the creation of more money. This is why the eurozone, with one central bank but 12 separate governments, presents some unique problems. With the rising euro delivering a powerful deflationary shock, the issue is more urgent now than in the past.
Like the US Federal Reserve, the European Central Bank has been thinking about deflation - specifically, how to avoid it and how to wriggle out of it. It concluded last October that proposed deflation-fighting weapons, such as buying government debt, private sector debt, equities or property, or foreign assets, "are very uncertain, may be unstable; and interventions like this will expose the central bank to significant fiscal losses that the private sector as a whole will have to underwrite". The most appealing solution was the "money rain" - giving money to the private sector until it is spent.
Administratively, this should be possible: people could be given tax cuts or benefit payments financed by money from the central bank.
When fiscal and monetary policy are separated by the independence of the central bank, as in Japan, arranging such a money rain can be tricky. As Adair Turner, vice-chairman of Merrill Lynch Europe, warned this year, it may be even tougher when fiscal policy and monetary policy are not set at the same level of government.
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http://search.ft.com/nonFtArticle?id=030515005668http://www.federalreserve.gov/pubs/feds/2000/200051/200051pap.pdf