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If you go to that location and scroll directly northeast, you'll come to a field hundreds of miles across that contains hundreds of thousands, and possibly MILLIONS of white spots. Heck, if you scroll directly east, you'll find them at the same latitude. The identity of these spots is NO mystery. Those coordinates are in the Martian polar region, and the "white spots" are frozen carbon dioxide that is part of the seasonal ice cap. The permanent cap is only about 500 miles north of this point. They appear as spots because the area was imaged in the polar spring/summer, when most of the ice had evaporated and it only remained in small and irregular patches. It's sort of like far northern Canada during the summer. The ice cap has retreated for the season, but it's still very cold, and it's dotted with small persistent snowfields.
It's also nearly the same latitude (and not that physically far from) the Phoenix lander site, where the presence of frozen water was confirmed.
The "structure" is simply a larger series of ice patches. In any random distribution, you are bound to have areas of higher and lower density. In this spot, the density is simply high enough that is appears as one "structure". If you look carefully, you CAN discern at least nine different spots. There's also a pretty good chance that this particular spot may be sloped or something, which is simply causing it to melt a little slower than the snow around it. Anyone who lives in a snowy area can tell you that the snow on the north side of a rock melts last.
The square appearance is caused by pixelation. If you look at the bare ground alongside the "structure", you'll see the same squared pattern. It's EVERYWHERE at that zoom level. On the ground, on the craters, on the mountains, and on the snowfields. It simply stands out at this location because of the contrast between the white snow and the brownish red dirt.
Occams razor, a little bit of education, and common sense FTW!
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