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http://www.fair.org/index.php?page=2460MEDIA ADVISORY:
Rather's Retirement and "Liberal Bias"
March 2, 2005
On March 9, Dan Rather will step down after 24 years as anchor of the CBS
Evening News. Media retrospectives of Rather's career will likely refer
to the long-running right-wing critique of Rather's supposed "liberalism."
But the notion that Rather has used his CBS platform to disseminate
left-wing propaganda over the last two decades does not hold up to
scrutiny.
If Rather can be accused of anything, it's the same bias one can see
throughout the mainstream media: an unwillingness to challenge official
power and policy. And it's a bias that Rather has admitted to embracing;
speaking at a Harvard forum on the media (7/25/04), Rather offered no
apologies for uncritical reporting on Iraq's supposed weapons of mass
destruction:
"Look, when a president of the United States, any president, Republican or
Democrat, says these are the facts, there is heavy prejudice, including my
own, to give him the benefit of any doubt, and for that I do not
apologize."
Off to War
Rather has openly advocated for various U.S. military actions. In a
speech at the National Press Club (6/25/99), he had this to say about the
bombing of Yugoslavia:
"When U.S. pilots in U.S. aircraft turn off the lights
civilian electrical stations], for me, it's 'we.' And about that I have no
apology." (Civilian infrastructure, of course, is protected by the Geneva
Accords, and deliberately attacking it is a war crime.) Elaborating
further on his approach to war reporting, Rather said, "I'm an American,
and I'm an American reporter. And yes, when there's combat involving
Americans, you can criticize me if you must, damn me if you must, but I'm
always pulling for us to win."
That position was unchanged a few years later (CNN, 4/14/03):
"Look, I'm an American. I never tried to kid anybody that I'm some
internationalist or something. And when my country is at war, I want my
country to win, whatever the definition of 'win' may be. Now, I can't and
don't argue that that is coverage without a prejudice. About that I am
prejudiced."
After the September 11 attacks, Rather made an appearance on CBS's Late
Show with David Letterman (9/17/01) and announced his willingness to do
more than just root from the sidelines: "George Bush is the president. He
makes the decisions, and, you know, it's just one American, wherever he
wants me to line up, just tell me where. And he'll make the call." Rather
issued a similar call on the show Entertainment Tonight (10/2/01),
according to a transcript from the conservative Media Research Center
(10/3/01): "If he needs me in uniform, tell me when and where-- I'm
there."
Paying Tribute
When they make their case against Rather, conservative critics are fond of
pointing out that he has made flattering statements about Democratic
politicians like Bill Clinton. But that would seem to have less to do
with Rather's partisanship than with his fondness for power. After Ronald
Reagan's death (CBS Evening News, 6/5/04), Rather recalled that Reagan
"was the great communicator, yes. But he was also a master at
communicating greatness. He understood that, as he once put it, 'History
is a ribbon always unfurling,' and managed to convey his vision in terms
both simple and poetic. And so he was able to act as a conduit to connect
us to who we had been and who we could be."
According to the Media Research Center (6/6/04), Rather appeared choked up
during a June 5 broadcast dedicated to Reagan, during which he said, "May
we share his optimism and may his steed hold steady as he completes his
journey. We will think of him always when the West wind blows."
It wasn't just Reagan; during the 1996 Republican National Convention,
Rather fawned over Elizabeth Dole's "tremendous" performance (8/14/96),
even dubbing her "my fair Liddy."
And Rather's alleged fondness for liberalism certainly doesn't run very
deep: During the 1992 Democratic National Convention (7/13/92), Rather had
this to say about former presidential candidate and civil rights activist
Jesse Jackson: "There have always been two Jesse Jacksons. There's Jesse
the radical, who preaches rage and black separatism. That Jesse has
always angered whites. And there's Jesse the self-promoter, who preaches
desegregation and compromise." Take your pick: Jackson's either a radical
black separatist or a "self-promoter."
By the Numbers
If Rather were indeed liberal-- or just more liberal than his network
competitors-- one would think that the CBS Evening News would include more
critical perspectives in its newscast, particularly during a Republican
administration. But FAIR's study of guests and sources appearing during
coverage of the Iraq war (3/20/03-4/9/03) actually found that Rather's
broadcast had the highest percentage of official U.S. sources (75 percent)
and the lowest number (less than one percent) of U.S. anti-war voices
(Extra!, 5-6/03).
A FAIR study of all the network news broadcasts in 2001 (Extra!, 5-6/02)
found that CBS Evening News had the most Republicans and the fewest
Democrats (76 percent vs. 23 percent). The difference between CBS and the
other networks was slim, but such analysis belies the notion that Rather's
network-- or any of the others-- have a left bias.
"Rathergate"
It's a good bet that Rather's retirement will draw significant attention
to the so-called "Rathergate" controversy-- the 60 Minutes report (9/8/04)
on George W. Bush's National Guard service that relied on dubious
documents. But instead of revealing partisanship in Rather's work, the
episode falls into a pattern of sloppiness on Rather's part in his
eagerness for certain stories-- including stories that benefit Republican
administrations.
One early controversy remains relatively obscure: Rather's fawning
coverage of the Afghan mujahadeen in the 1980s (Extra!, 11-12/89). A
series of articles in 1989 in the New York Post alleged that Rather's
gung-ho reporting from the front lines of the anti-Soviet mujahadeen was
supplemented by phony re-enactments of rebel assaults. Some scenes were
reportedly filmed in Pakistan, and facts were distorted-- on one broadcast
(8/11/87), for example, Rather claimed to report the "the biggest one-day
defeat for Soviet forces since World War II," when in reality the battle
was relatively small and didn't involve Soviet forces.
Rather and CBS relied on two partisan freelancers to assist its coverage
of Afghanistan: Kurt Lohbeck, who set up news conferences for mujahadeen
leaders and testified before Congress to request additional aid for the
Afghan rebels, and Mike Hoover, a cameraman sympathetic to the rebels who
had been suspected of faking scenes in some of his earlier work--
allegations that CBS officials were aware of while they were working with
him.
There are more recent examples of Rather's erroneous reporting. On
September 11, 2001, Rather went to great lengths to report on the
terrorist attacks on United States soil-- including some that never
happened (Extra!, 11-12/01). "Let me pause and say that a car bomb has
exploded outside the State Department in Washington," Rather told CBS
viewers. He repeated: "Now a car bomb has exploded outside the State
Department in Washington. No further details available on that." He
reported this "car bomb explosion" as fact at least three more times
before finally adding a qualifier.
This gaffe did not prevent Rather from reporting another "scoop" later
that evening: Citing reports from the local CBS affiliate, Rather claimed
that "two people have been arrested with explosives under the George
Washington Bridge... As this report-- now, whether it was connected with
the events of the day, we do not know. But an interesting report."
Later, he prefaced the story with "It may not be over yet," and added that
"Authorities say there were enough explosives in the truck to bring down
the bridge." As with the State Department car-bombing, Rather had to
backtrack on this story as well: "Further checking on that story
that other law enforcement officials in New York said they knew nothing
about it.... We'll have to put that in a long line of things that's under
the, 'Well, we're skeptical now.' Maybe it's true and maybe it isn't."
Rather accompanied the backtracking with another self-justification: "I
repeat for emphasis, we'd rather be last than be wrong, but in reporting
of this kind, we're bound to make some mistakes." Surely reporters should
have a better defense for airing uncorroborated allegations than that.
Right-wing media critics and pundits have been effective in tagging Rather
with the "liberal" label. But the context of Rather's entire career
points to a different conclusion. More often than not, Rather's reporting
followed the pattern that Rather himself criticized in an early-'90s
interview (Boston Herald, 9/18/91):
"We're gutless. We're spineless. There's no joy in saying this, but
beginning sometime in the 1980s, the American press by and large somehow
began to operate on the theory that the first order of business was to be
popular with the person, or organization, or institution that you cover."
Rather's retirement would be more of an occasion for regret if he had
tried harder to fight that tendency-- in himself and in the news business
in general.
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