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Every product that's ever been made has a break-even point: the price below which you lose money on the unit.
If a piece of ridge vent (it's part of a roofing system) contains two dollars worth of materials, twenty-five cents worth of labor, twenty-five cents worth of facility costs (you got to pay for the factory and the warehouse somehow), a dime's worth of packaging and a quarter's worth of transportation in it, the break-even point is $2.85. And because all rigid ridge vent is about the same, GAF, Owens-Corning, CertainTeed, Tamko and everyone else that makes roofing is looking at the same situation.
GAF is the largest manufacturer of roofing products in the United States. It has thousands of stockholders. None of them are interested in seeing GAF sell ridge vent for $2.85 a stick; they would really like it to go off the loading dock at $5.70--a 100-percent markup. And that's not unreasonable because the retail price of four-foot ridge vents is $8.95 and there is no middleman on this product--GAF roofing comes straight from GAF's warehouse to the dealer. (Incidentally, except for my price all of these numbers came straight out of my ass--this suggests an approximate 50-percent initial markup and believe you me, no dealer's getting 50 percent out of ridge vent.) Lowe's in Fayetteville sells Owens-Corning roofing, so their ventilation systems are also O-C.
Now! Assume Lowe's wants to cut the price on ridge vent to $8. Remember, I'm getting nine and sell all I can get. Lowe's stockholders don't want the company to make a lower profit. O-C's stockholders don't want their company to make a lower profit. If they try to cheapen the ridge vent it would cost them in the short term--they'd have to get it recertified by every jurisdiction it was to be sold in*, and there are hundreds of them--and in the long term because people would quit buying it if it got flimsy. The solution? There are hundreds of factories in China who have plastics molding equipment. Send these people your molds, the film for the boxes, the spec for the plastic in the vents, and ask that two Sealand containers full of this product be delivered to the port of Charleston in a month.
All of a sudden, Lowe's has a product they can sell for $8. Which means I need a product I can sell for $8 too, because even though the roofing industry is covered up with patriotic people, it is not covered up with patriotic people who will pay $9 for an American-made vent when they can get a Chinese one at Lowe's for $8.
Anyone want to take a guess at what happens to the people who made ridge vent for O-C in the United States?
* I didn't realize this until I went into the building products industry, but a lot of building materials have to be approved in your area before you're allowed to use them. There used to be three big bodies that generated "model codes"--the Building Officials and Code Administrators (BOCA), the Southern Building Code Congress International (SBCCI) and the International Conference of Building Officials (ICBO). They have merged into the International Code Council after they figured out that the three model codes were basically parallel documents. There are some local codes that supersede the ICC regulations, such as Miami-Dade, which is worried about windload and supersedes in roofing, doors and windows; the Wisconsin Administrative Code, which is worried about snowload and supersedes ICC only in roofing; and the New York City Building Code, which is largely concerned with fire prevention and overcrowding and contains a lot of paragraphs on high-rise structures you don't really find in other building codes--although it is modeled on the ICC, most of it is stricter. ICC is just a guideline--if your jurisdiction wants to require 2x6 studs on the exterior walls instead of 2x4 studs, ICC has no problem with their doing that.
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