HAITI -- (Senate - March 04, 2004) Senator Leahy
HAITI -- (Senate - March 04, 2004)
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Mr. LEAHY. Madam President, over the past week, we have all watched the images of killings, chaos, and looting in Haiti. I am sad for the Haitian people. Once again, their leaders and the international community have failed them, and the poorest and the most vulnerable are enduring the greatest suffering.
I am also deeply disappointed with the Bush administration. Over the past several years, this administration ignored the simmering problems in Haiti and hoped they would somehow resolve themselves. That approach obviously backfired. Things have spiraled out of control. We now have a full-blown crisis on our hands, accusations that the administration helped to engineer a
coup of President Aristide, and the deployment of thousands of U.S. Marines into a difficult situation. Bringing change to Haiti will now be a far more dangerous and costly undertaking. Moreover, the U.N. or some other impartial organization will have to conduct an investigation to answer nagging questions about Aristide's departure.
I recognize that many administration officials did not support President Aristide. I can understand that view, as I also lost confidence in him. There is no question that serious allegations of corruption and abuse surround President Aristide and his associates and that these issues should have been dealt with. President Aristide and other Haitian leaders should be held accountable for their actions. Having said that, we should not forget the courage that President Aristide displayed when he first spoke out against the excesses of the brutal and corrupt dictatorship of Jean-Claude Duvalier.
But this administration did not want to make the effort to help clean up the Haitian Government, build a reform-minded opposition, and restructure the economy.
Instead, the Bush administration simply disengaged. During his first year in office, President Bush reduced aid to Haiti by about 25 percent. Concerned with the growing problems in Haiti, Senator DODD and I sent a letter to USAID Administrator Andrew Natsios in February 2002, urging an overhaul of our foreign aid program to Haiti. The response to our letter was essentially: ``Thanks for writing. We have a limited budget, but we will remain `flexible' in our approach.'' The results of this flexible approach speak for themselves.
To be fair, USAID was under heady pressure to absorb activities that the State Department should have funded. USAID does not deserve the blame for an administration-wide policy failure.
During the last month, United States policy toward Haiti crystallized around the goal of getting rid of President Aristide. For all the administration's tough talk aimed at President Aristide, this White House has embraced corrupt leaders with far less democratic credentials than President Aristide when it has suited its purpose. This episode is yet another reminder of how the contradictory policies and rhetoric of this administration are damaging U.S. credibility around the world.
In some respects, President Aristide's departure begins a new chapter for Haiti. In other ways, it is not clear just how new it is. For the third time in 20 years, a Haitian leader has been forced into exile, and at least for the third time in 90 years, the U.S. military has intervened in Haiti.
What is to show for years of interventions and hundreds of millions of dollars in U.S. assistance? Haiti remains one of the poorest and most corrupt countries on Earth, facing a myriad of complex problems. Removing President Aristide will not solve these entrenched problems, but it may provide a way forward.
The United States has compelling reasons to help. Haiti is just a few hundred miles away from our shores, and the social turmoil there could easily spread to the Dominican Republic, the Bahamas, and elsewhere in our neighborhood. The United States has a long relationship with Haiti and many Haitian Americans live in the United States. Perhaps most importantly, we have a moral responsibility to help a nation where so many have been suffering for so long.
The United States, France, and others must work with the United Nations, the Organization of American States to help fill the power vacuum in Port-au-Prince. The international community must also come up with a substantial aid package to help the Haitian people get back on their feet.
This will be a long, slow process. If we are to succeed in meeting the challenge of recovery and rebuilding in Haiti, the United States and the international community must stay engaged. Most of all, the Haitians themselves must take responsibility, especially the religious and political leaders. But we must take care not to overlook a key group that must be involved in this process--middle-class Haitians who have left the country over the past few decades.
As Garry Pierre-Pierre, editor in chief of the Haitian Times, points out in Monday's Wall Street Journal, involving Haiti's middle class is essential. He writes:
The international community has to bring the country's middle class not merely to the table, but back to Haiti. This middle class has been fleeing Haiti for the U.S., where it has consolidated itself, for the last 30 years. We should look to that group, the Haitian diaspora, educated at the best schools in the U.S. and Canada, to help lead the country out of its perpetual cycle of violence and misery.
I agree with Mr. Pierre-Pierre, and believe that the administration should heed his advice.
We have missed one opportunity after another in Haiti. It is time for us to make the most of this unfortunate situation.
I ask unanimous consent to print the above-referenced letters in the RECORD.
There being no objection, the material was ordered to be printed in the RECORD, as follows:
U.S. SENATE,
Washington, DC, February 15, 2002.
Hon. ANDREW NATSIOS,
Administrator, U.S. Agency for International Development, Washington, DC.
DEAR MR. NATSIOS: We are deeply concerned with the deteriorating humanitarian situation in Haiti. The political impasse between the Haitian Government and the political opposition has only made a serious situation more dire. As a matter of U.S. policy Haiti is being denied access to monies from the multilateral development banks until the government and opposition resolve their differences. For that reason, the humanitarian needs of Haiti must be met solely from bilateral donations through non-governmental organizations such as CARE, Catholic Relief Services and World Vision.
Violence, poverty, and disease are rampant throughout Haiti. Since the United States is opposing access for Haiti to multilateral monies to address these problems, we believe the U.S. has a moral obligation to ensure, to the maximum extent feasible, that U.S. bilateral humanitarian assistance allocations be maintained at adequate levels. However, that does not appear to be the case. As you know annual USAID/Haiti allocations have been cut in half since FY1999 to $50 million for the current fiscal year. Moreover, the Administration's FY 2003 request is only $45 million. At these levels we are very skeptical that USAID will be able to continue many critical programs, including school feeding programs, public health programs for Haitian children ages 0 to 5, and AIDS treatment and prevention programs.
We strongly urge you to review the overall FY 2003 USAID budget to determine whether additional funds can be found for USAID FY 2003 programs in Haiti. Moreover, we do not support efforts to obligate FY 2002 Haiti monies for purposes other than humanitarian assistance programs.
Thank you for your attention to our concerns. We look forward to working with you in addressing the humanitarian needs of Haiti's seven million people.
Sincerely yours,
Patrick J. Leahy,
Christopher J. Dodd,
U.S. Senators.
--
U.S. AGENCY FOR
INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT,
Washington, DC, April 2, 2002.
Hon. PATRICK J. LEAHY,
U.S. Senate,
Washington, DC.
DEAR SENATOR LEAHY: Mr. Natsios has asked me to respond to your letter of February 15, 2002, concerning the current situation in Haiti and declining U.S. assistance levels. We regret the delay in responding.
We share your concern about deteriorating conditions in Haiti, and are doing our best to help ease the situation within the constraints of current budget realities. Since September 11, 2001, worldwide pressures on overall resources limit our ability to maintain prior year levels for Haiti. We have made up most of the difference using Development Assistance and the Child Survival and Health Programs fund; however, these accounts are heavily subscribed.
Our programs will continue to have a meaningful impact in Haiti through the provision of primarily humanitarian assistance. Approximately 80 percent of the FY 2002 budget and FY 2003 request will go toward health, food aid, and education activities. These programs will still provide health and family planning services to approximately 2.7 million Haitians--mostly women and children--including HIV/AIDS prevention. They will also target food resources in Haiti to children under five and pregnant/lactating women, and will continue to make marked improvements in math and reading achievement test scores for 150,000 Haitian children.
In closing, we are watching the situation very closely and remain flexible on funding options for FY 2002. We welcome a continuing dialogue with Congress on appropriate assistance levels for Haiti as events unfold.
Thank you for bringing this matter to our attention. Please let us know when this office can be of further assistance.
Sincerely,
J. EDWARD FOX,
Assistant Administrator,
Bureau for Legislative and Public Affairs.
http://thomas.loc.gov/cgi-bin/query/C?r108:./temp/~r108... MARCH 2, 2004
SCHAKOWSKY: BUSH ADMINISTRATION’S MISSTATEMENT OF THE DAY –
HAITI
WASHINGTON, D.C. – U.S. Representative Jan Schakowsky (D-IL) issued today’s “Bush Administration’s Misstatement of the Day” on Haiti.
According to a report in the Washington Post today, Secretary of State Colin Powell said that Haitian President Jean-Bertrand Aristide did a “wise and patriotic thing” by agreeing to leave his nation. Powell also stated that it was “baseless” and “absurd” that the United States forced Aristide out of power.
According to the Center for American Progress, however:
The Bush Administration does not deny that it rapidly changed its position and helped force Aristide out, going so far as to issue a "harsh statement" blaming the turmoil on the Haitian president. The question that remains, however, is why did the Administration back a rebel force made up of death-squad veterans and convicted murderers over a democratically-elected government?
Schakowsky said, “While it is unclear exactly what happened early Sunday morning, the message from the U.S. to President Aristide was crystal clear: the U.S. won’t protect you from being killed by the assassins that are on your doorstep.”
http://www.house.gov/apps/list/press/il09_schakowsky/pr... ...
Congresswoman Barbara Lee Questions Bush Administration Officials at International Relations Subcommittee Hearing
Lee Calls for Independent Commission to Investigate Bush Administration’s Haiti Policy
Washington, DC – At a heated Subcommittee on the Western Hemisphere hearing today, Congresswoman Barbara Lee (D-CA) questioned a panel of Bush Administration officials about the Administration’s role in the coup d’etat carried out last week against the democratically-elected Haitian President Jean-Bertrand Aristide. A member of the International Relations Committee, Lee called for the hearing last week, and with the events over the weekend, the hearing took on an immediacy and urgency.
In particular, Lee grilled Assistant Secretary of State Roger Noriega, who is widely considered the mastermind behind the Bush Administration Haiti policy. Lee challenged Noriega about the State Department’s failure to respond to her suggestions in a February 12 letter to Secretary of State Colin Powell, which would have staved off a coup.
Lee also asked Noriega why Aristide would willingly leave Haiti on Sunday morning without a definite place of asylum provided. During the next day, Aristide would be flown around the world until, finally, the Central African Republic (CAR) provided temporary asylum. At present, Aristide is reportedly under guard in the CAR.
Lee also accused the Bush Administration of supporting and sanctioning the overthrow of the Aristide Government by blaming Aristide for the opposition’s refusal to negotiate. Secretary of State Colin Powell last week called the opposition rebels “murderers and thugs,” but later backpedaled to the point that the Administration issued a statement, last Saturday, that said that “the long-simmering crisis is largely of Mr. Aristide's making.”
Lee summed up her disgust with the Bush Administration’s actions by accusing Noriega and the Bush Administration of “aiding and abetting” the overthrow of the Aristide Government. “Regime change takes a variety of forms, and this looks like a blatant form of regime change to me,” Lee told Noriega.
http://www.house.gov/lee/releases/04Mar03b.htm Congresswoman Sheila Jackson Lee Urgent Need for Aid in Haiti
For Immediate Release Contact: Dana J. Thompson
March 3, 2004 (202) 225-3816
Congresswoman Sheila Jackson Lee Participates in Subcommittee Hearing to Stress Urgent Need for Humanitarian Aid in Haiti
Washington, DC – Today, Congresswoman Jackson Lee, First Vice Chair of the Congressional Black Caucus (CBC), Member of the House Select Committee on Homeland Security, and Ranking Member of the House Judiciary Subcommittee on Immigration and Border Control will participate in a hearing of the House International Relations Committee’s Subcommittee on the Western Hemisphere concerning the crisis in Haiti. Testifying before the Subcommittee will be Assistant Secretary for Western Hemisphere Affairs Roger Noriega, USAID Assistant Administrator for Latin America, Robert McGuire of Trinity College, and Jeff Sachs of Columbia University. “This hearing is important to make Congress clear as to the grave humanitarian need that exists in Haiti right now. In addition to the loss of stability, peace, and adherence to democratic principles, there is a loss of lives at the hands of lawless thugs in the region,” said Congresswoman Jackson Lee.
Yesterday, the Congresswoman issued letters to Speaker of the House J. Dennis Hastert and Democratic Leader Nancy Pelosi urging that they schedule immediate congressional hearings to investigate the events surrounding the alleged removal of Haitian President Jean-Bertrand Aristide and the United States’ alleged involvement. “The purpose of our involvement in Haiti should have only been to help restore peace, give humanitarian aid, and to uphold the principles of democracy and the rule of law,” said Congresswoman Jackson Lee.
Congresswoman Sheila Jackson Lee stresses the need for the Administration to give Haitian asylum-seekers relief through amendments in U.S. immigration laws. “Haitian asylum-seekers must be given a fair chance to satisfy the requirements for entitlement to an asylum hearing. I am disturbed by the lack of parity between the Haitian refugees and the Cuban refugees. While Haitian refugees are detained and then removed from the United States, Cuban refugees who reach American soil are welcomed. They are admitted or paroled into the United States, and a year later they are eligible for adjustment of status to that of lawful permanent residents. This difference in treatment is unfair and unjustifiable. Temporary Protective Status must be extended to Haitian asylum seekers now to end the bloodshed that comes from their wrongful refoulement, or return to Haiti,” concluded Congresswoman Jackson Lee.
http://www.jacksonlee.house.gov/issues2.cfm?id=8031