2016 Postmortem
Related: About this forumThe Revolution Will Be Fantasized- The Sanders revolution has not materialized in real world yet
Sanders proposals are not realistic and would have no chance in the real world where the GOP would block such pie in the sky proposals. Sanders justify his platform by promising a revolution where millions and millions of voters would show up and force the GOP to be reasonable. That revolution exists only in a fantasy world and has not been evident in the real world http://www.usnews.com/opinion/blogs/robert-schlesinger/articles/2016-04-15/bernie-sanders-bad-delegate-math-and-fantasy-revolution
There's a lot wrong with this formulation, as Paul Krugman wrote in The New York Times this morning. It suggests a world view redolent of former half-term Alaska Gov. Sarah Palin's toxic pandering to "real America." In Sanders' case, he's saying that red-state Democrats should be discounted because they're too conservative. But that's simply wrong, Krugman notes: Clinton isn't "riding a wave of support from old-fashioned Confederate-flag-waving Dixiecrats," she ran up the score by scoring lopsided victories among black voters ("let's be blunt, the descendants of slaves," he writes).
And the fact that the Deep South is conservative should be irrelevant, given that Sanders argues the principle obstacle to his super progressive agenda is campaign finance corruption rather than, say, ideology. Either he's leading a national movement, as he claims, or he's not.
Thus more broadly, his attempt to delegitimize a swath of voters lays bare a fundamental inconsistency of the Sanders campaign: One of his basic answers about how he's going to accomplish his aims whether winning the Democratic nod, winning the general election or enacting his agenda is the forthcoming revolution. His super-ambitious agenda will prove to be achievable substance rather than unicorns-and-rainbows fantasy, he said Thursday night, "when millions of people stand up, fight back and create a government that works for all of us, not just the 1 percent. That is what the political revolution is about. That is what this campaign is about."
And that's fine: If he can summon the revolution, then more power to him, literally and figuratively. But the Sanders revolution is breaking on the hard realities of math. The revolution will not be televised, the old song goes; but it can be fantasized and it can be measured, in votes and delegates. And in every calculable respect, it's coming up short. That leaves Sanders to bank on an anti-democratic sleight of hand to secure the nomination. That's not a broad-based revolution; that's a palace coup.
Here's why: Despite Sanders' recent string of victories, there is no sense in which he is winning this race. As The Washington Post's Philip Bump wrote earlier this week:
In fact, by every possible democratic measure, Clinton is winning. She's winning in states (and territories) won, which isn't a meaningful margin of victory anyway. She's winning in the popular vote by 2.4 million votes more than a third more than Sanders has in total. In part that's because Sanders is winning lower-turnout caucuses, but it's mostly because he's winning smaller states. And she's winning with both types of delegates.
Sanders' revolution is not real which is why he is losing the race in the real world.
berniepdx420
(1,784 posts)points memo...
Gothmog
(145,046 posts)berniepdx420
(1,784 posts)form of speaking fees.. it's completely nauseating .. your allegiance blinds you to the facts
Gothmog
(145,046 posts)Where is this mythical but amusing revolution. Sanders' millions and millions of new voters are not showing up and his claim of a revolution are sad and false
berniepdx420
(1,784 posts)for the Chairperson of the Establishment.. you are entitled to that no matter what ignorance it takes and how far the head has to be thrusted into the sand..
And to minimize what Bernie has done and what he is doing is just plain stupid
Gothmog
(145,046 posts)If you are silly and so poorly informed to believe your post, then open an Irish brokerage account and buy an option contract on this silly belief http://predictwise.com/politics/2016-president-democratic-nomination You will get great pricing because the smart money is only giving Sanders a 8% chance of being the nominee. The smart investors will be happy to take your money. if you turn out to be right you would get a good return on your money
berniepdx420
(1,784 posts)even more believable as a hilldawg supporter
bye silly boy
Gothmog
(145,046 posts)Why am I not surprised
berniepdx420
(1,784 posts)this time then she will win NY..but if they are not on point and you lose New York... you are in quite a bit of trouble... we shall see..won't we.. but your smug now and you'll be smug whether you win or lose NY.. just like the candidate you support
Gothmog
(145,046 posts)Hillary Clinton is 210 delegates ahead of Sanders. Sanders has to win New York by double digits to have a chance of over coming this deficit. Sanders has to win big to hope to catch up. We will see who is happy on Tuesday night
berniepdx420
(1,784 posts)let the people vote.. we will fight to the end..
now because you are quite the miserable person to converse with... I will use my rarely used ignore.. bye bye
Gothmog
(145,046 posts)Gothmog
(145,046 posts)Sanders is totally unvetted because the new media does not believe that he will be the nominee and the Clinton campaign has been treating Sanders with kids gloves. There is a ton of stuff that would be used by Trump to destroy Sanders. I am not willing to risk the control of the SCOTUS to a candidate who I firmly believe is not electable. Trump and Rove has way too much material that would destroy Sanders in a general election.
berniepdx420
(1,784 posts)stupid handling of national security..
Gothmog
(145,046 posts)It must be sad to be supporting a candidate whose only chance of being the nominee is an indictment that is not going to happen. I feel sorry for you.
berniepdx420
(1,784 posts)Gothmog
(145,046 posts)You really do not understand the fact that Sanders will not be the nominee.
synergie
(1,901 posts)Paid speeches AFTER she left office are somehow "bribes" now? Do you just not understand how bribery works? You don't seem to be acquainted with facts, or an understanding of reality or time works.
CoffeeCat
(24,411 posts)A Politico reporter said that the Clinton camp emailed him six times --trying to get media outlets to push incendiary talking points about Bernie's "Southern Strategy" remarks from last night's debate.
Clinton pushed hard to get these talking points widely disseminated.
The US News article is one, among many spineless media outlets that I found had taken the bait. Seems as if many press members are unprofessional, useful idiots.
http://www.democraticunderground.com/1280175433
berniepdx420
(1,784 posts)condescending...
CoffeeCat
(24,411 posts)about sensing the talking points.
berniepdx420
(1,784 posts)Demsrule86
(68,539 posts)Who posted the 'truth' about emails...and had been posted and linked to a number of times. It is called an op-ed people. This guy is correct. Bernie Sanders wants a revolution so do I...and millions of Americans. However, there is no Bernie revolution. He does not have even enough support to win a primary and has in these last days seriously damaged his credibility and brand. Attacking a Democrat...almost appearing to collude with trump...most unseemly in a progressive. His behavior reeks of bitterness and spite. It makes me sad for him which is kind of strange because I really don't like Bernie Sanders.
Chasstev365
(5,191 posts)I think the GOP prefers your thinking to Democrats fighting them day on night on behalf of the workers of this nation!
Gothmog
(145,046 posts)Are you admitting that the Sanders' revolution is not materializing? It is my understanding that the reason why Sanders is proposing a number of programs that have no chance of passing is that his revolution will force the GOP in congress to be reasonable. The trouble is that there are no signs of this revolution. revolution https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/wonk/wp/2016/02/10/sorry-bernie-sanders-there-is-zero-evidence-of-your-political-revolution-yet/
To succeed, Sanders might have to drive Americans who don't normally participate to the polls. Unfortunately for him, groups who usually do not vote did not turn out in unusually large numbers in New Hampshire, according to exit polling data.
https://img.washingtonpost.com/wp-apps/imrs.php?src=&w=1484
...As for Sanders, he credited his victory to turnout. "Because of a huge voter turnout -- and I say huge -- we won," he said in his speech declaring victory, dropping the "h" in "huge." "We harnessed the energy, and the excitement that the Democratic party will need to succeed in November."
In fact, Sanders won by persuading many habitual Democratic primary voters to support him. With 95 percent of precincts reporting their results as of Wednesday morning, just 241,000 ballots had been cast in the Democratic primary, fewer than the 268,000 projected by New Hampshire Secretary of State William Gardner last week. Nearly 289,000 voters cast ballots in the state's Democratic primary in 2008.
To be sure, the general election is still seven months away. Ordinary Americans might be paying little attention to the campaign at this point, and if Sanders wins the nomination, he'll have the help of the Democratic Party apparatus in registering new voters. The political revolution hasn't started, though, at least not yet.
Without this revolution, I am not sure how Sanders proposes to advance his unrealistic agenda.
I live in the real world and I simply do not believe that Sanders' agenda is realistic and the lack of any evidence of a Sanders revolution reinforces my opinion
Please vote for the candidate of your choice for any reason that you deem appropriate. Others are free to vote for the candidate of their choice based on the facts as they see them
Gothmog
(145,046 posts)Sanders' lame justification for why he is 2.4 million votes and 210 delegates behind is really sad http://www.msnbc.com/rachel-maddow-show/sanders-says-southern-primaries-distort-reality
Whats more, the South may be filled with red states, but in Democratic primaries, its economically liberal African-American voters who represent the bulk of those who are turning out to participate. Their votes dont distort reality so much as they reflect reality.
Maybe the argument is that Southern voters count, but they shouldnt have a prominent role at the start of the primary season. Except, (a) the South doesnt go first; the overwhelmingly white states of Iowa and New Hampshire go first; and (b) I dont know why states with fewer black voters would do a better job of ensuring that reality isnt distorted.
Perhaps Sanders means Southern states arent truly representative of the Democratic electorate. Except (a) given the importance of African-American communities in the party, Im not sure why not; and (b) are voters in Utah, Kansas, and Idaho more representative of the Democratic electorate?
Maybe he means that Democrats wont do well in these Southern states in the general election. Thats true, but once again, the same can be said of many of the states Sanders has also won.
As we discussed the other day, the New York Times reported last week that the Sanders campaign deliberately focused its efforts away from the South for a reason: Sanders and his advisers and allies knew that black voters would be decisive in those Southern contests, but he had been unable to make significant inroads with them.
As a tactical matter, this made perfect sense. There was no reason for the senator and his operation to build an electoral strategy around states he was likely to lose.
But as a rhetorical matter, arguing that states in which black voters were decisive kind of distort reality is a very different kind of message, one that Sanders still has time to change.
Sanders' revolution is a fantasy and his justifications for being behind do not stand up
uponit7771
(90,329 posts)CentralCoaster
(1,163 posts)Of course if you want to reinforce the establishment view that change is bad, that public works are stupid, and that single payer health care is impossible or constitutes Free Stuff, well you go right ahead.
All we're really doing is trying to get back to our roots and the time when we KNEW our children would have an easier life with less strife, not a worse future with less hope.
uponit7771
(90,329 posts)... that was the first indicator
Politicalboi
(15,189 posts)Then we better get in line then. Thank you so much. I'll now support the corrupt one who had to hire a criminal lawyer today. The one who uses people for votes, and then throws them away till the next election. The one who launders money through the Clinton Foundation and creates coups in Honduras. Go Team!
More fantasy bullshit from those who want this race over. Get lost! Bernie or BUST!!!!
CrowCityDem
(2,348 posts)And you can't start a revolution when you tell a whole section of the country they don't count.
OwlinAZ
(410 posts)when a great preponderance of early voting states are from one region, the deep South.
And the seven states holding contests in the region appear to play a pivotal role in selecting the Republican and Democratic nominees.
This system is a mess and should be changed forthwith.
Having the majority of first speaking states clumped up in any region or demographic skews results.
Gothmog
(145,046 posts)These states do not reflect the demographics of the Democratic party. The deep south states are far more diverse than Iowa and New Hampshire and the voters in these states reflect the demographics of the Democratic Party
SoLeftIAmRight
(4,883 posts)...
Gothmog
(145,046 posts)Where are the millions and millions of new voters who Sanders promised. Sanders is behind the popular vote by 2.4 million and I bet that this differential will only go up
SoLeftIAmRight
(4,883 posts)some stand in the way of change
Gothmog
(145,046 posts)Here are some facts for the silly sanders supporters to ignore or not understand http://fivethirtyeight.com/features/clinton-is-winning-the-states-that-look-like-the-democratic-party/
I have a few problems with this line of argument, which seems to imply that Democratic voters in the Deep South dont reflect the larger Democratic electorate. (The remarks Thursday night echo previous comments made by Sanders and his campaign.) Consider Sanderss reference to the term Deep South, which traditionally describes Alabama, Georgia, Louisiana, Mississippi and South Carolina: These are five of the only six states, along with Maryland, where at least a quarter of the population is black. Given the United States history of disenfranchising black voters not to mention the importance of black voters to Democrats in November its dicey for Sanders to diminish Clintons wins there.
But the Deep South isnt Sanderss only issue. His problems in the rest of the South are what really dooms him. Clintons largest net delegate gains over Sanders came from Texas (+72) and Florida (+68), two states that are within the South as the Census Bureau (and most other people) define it. Clinton also cleaned Sanderss clock in Virginia and North Carolina. Overall, Clinton gained a net of 155 delegates on Sanders in the five Deep South states, but she also added 211 delegates to her margin in the rest of the region....
n addition to being important to the Democratic Partys electoral present and future, Florida, Virginia, North Carolina and Texas are quite diverse. Theyre diverse ideologically Miami and Austin arent exactly the most conservative part of the country and theyre diverse racially. They contain not only a substantial number of African-Americans but also Hispanics and, increasingly, Asian-American voters.
In fact, these states are among the most demographically representative of the diverse Obama coalition that Clinton or Sanders will have to rely on in November.
Sanders revolution has not materialized while Clinton are winning states that reflect the Democratic party
redstateblues
(10,565 posts)Gothmog
(145,046 posts)Bonobo
(29,257 posts)Gothmog
(145,046 posts)Bonobo
(29,257 posts)You sound petulant when you say things like that and the way you are responding now.
Gothmog
(145,046 posts)This revolution is a flop and the GOP would ignore Sanders if he tried to propose his unrealistic agenda
Gothmog
(145,046 posts)In the real world change takes hard work and not a magical revolution
Gothmog
(145,046 posts)Sanders' plans for adopting his proposals depend on these new voters. Here is how Sanders thinks that he will be able to force the GOP to be reasonable http://www.dailykos.com/stories/2016/2/21/1483791/-Imagine-Bernie-Sanders-wins-the-White-House-Then-what
Thats a phrase Sanders uses often, but what does he mean by it? Sanders has said that if he wins the presidency, his victory will be accompanied by a huge increase in voter turnoutone that he thinks might end Republican control of Congress. But Sanders acknowledges that the House and Senate could, in spite of his best efforts, remain in GOP hands come next January.
Given that likelihood, Sanders offers an alternate means for achieving his political revolution. He says he knows that a Democratic president cant simply sit down and negotiate with Republican leaders and forge a series of compromises. Anyone who's observed the GOPs behavior over the course of Barack Obamas presidency would not dispute that, and in any event, no compromise with Republicans would ever lead to single-payer anyway.
So what then? How would a President Sanders get Mitch McConnell and Paul Ryan to pass any of his big-ticket items? This is the model he proposes:
What we do is you put an issue before Congress, lets just use free tuition at public colleges and universities, and that vote is going to take place on November 8 ... whatever it may be. We tell millions and millions of people, young people and their parents, there is going to be a vote ... half the people dont know whats going on ... but we tell them when the vote is, maybe we welcome a million young people to Washington, D.C. to say hello to their members of Congress. Maybe we have the telephones and the e-mails flying all over the place so that everybody in America will know how their representative is voting. [...]
And then Republicans are going to have to make a decision. Then theyre going to have to make a decision. You know, when thousands of young people in their district are saying, You vote against this, youre out of your job, because we know whats going on. So this gets back to what a political revolution is about, is bringing people in touch with the Congress, not having that huge wall. Thats how you bring about change.
The rest of the DK article debunks that concept that Paul Ryan or Mitch McConnell could be influenced by these new voters but we never get to this issue and Sanders himself admits that he will not bet elected without this revolution. So far we are not seeing any evidence of this revolution. Again, Sanders's whole campaign is based on this revolution and so it is appropriate to ask where these new voters are?
It is hard for me to take Sanders' proposals seriously including the ones you want to talk about unless and until we see some evidence of this revolution.
Again, where are these millions and millions of new voters?
Hortensis
(58,785 posts)out the old credit cards?
Good posts, Gothmog. Does it ever seem like kicking mean puppies who keep attacking your ankles, though?
I am not opposed to change but I live in the real world.
Armstead
(47,803 posts)This message brought to you by the real purveyors of "fantasy."
Gothmog
(145,046 posts)Armstead
(47,803 posts)Yeah they did a terrible job
think
(11,641 posts)too big to fail banks.
Those of you opposed to these things are cogs in the wheels of time....
Gothmog
(145,046 posts)Sanders' proposals have zero chance of being adopted without his revolution mobilizing millions and millions of new voters who are failing to show up.
think
(11,641 posts)Gothmog
(145,046 posts)I am not comfortable risking control of the SCOTUS for the next generation to a weak general election candidate like Sanders
Gothmog
(145,046 posts)sanders needs a magical revolution to push his proposals. That magical revolution did not happen
rhett o rick
(55,981 posts)where Hillary and the Republicons agree. And apparently that's what's more important than fighting for a living wage, fighting to reduce poverty, fighting to rebuild our infrastructure, fighting against Hillary's Prisons For Profits.
You are saying that if we want to get things done, take the same positions as the Republicons.
Clinton does agree with the Republicons on many issues. I guess you will be happy to see progress on;
The corruption of Big Money in government via Citizens United.
Job killing "Free Trade" agreements
Fracking for oil company profits over people's water quality.
Unregulated domestic spying and no oversight for the NSA/CIA Security State.
Drone killing of terrorist "suspects" in foreign lands (100 innocents killed for each suspect)
Prisons for Profits and tough sentencing for marijuana use.
Denying those in pain the option of medical marijuana.
American Exceptionalism as an excuse for neocon imperialism.
The use of cluster bombs near civilian areas.
Gothmog
(145,046 posts)Sanders' proposals have no chance of passage and his platform would be pure poison for down ballot candidates. Look at the Kevin Drum article cited on this thread. Incremental change is better than no change at all. Sanders' magical revolution did not happen and so Sanders would have no chance of passing his programs. There can be progress but it takes hard work.
I live in the real world where change is hard work. Magical thinking does not work and I believe that some change is better than no change at all.
rhett o rick
(55,981 posts)I hear, "It's too hard." If you look at the changes we've had over the last 30 years, we have had some of your incremental changes in social justice but the changes to our, the 99%, economy have been gigantic. How many trillions of dollars moved from the 99% to the Rich and Wonderful that you support? Was it 3 or 5 trillion. And 5 trillion dollars moved from the 99% to the 1% that you revere when the banks asked nicely and the Democrats wet their pants trying to pay them fast enough. THESE ARE NOT INCREMENTAL CHANGES. People, humans if you will, are literally and I do mean literally are dying from povery, while the Oligarch Followers play patty cake with the Rich.
If our founders had your incremental changes are ok attitude we'd still be under British control.
Again, I agree that if elected Sanders would have a hard time, but Clinton not having a hard time means the Republicons would be getting their way the same way they did with her in 2002. "Georgie how can I help"
Just how high does the poverty rate have to get before you figure out you choose the wrong side of this class war?
Gothmog
(145,046 posts)Sanders' so-called revolution was suppose to produce so many new voters that the GOP would have to accept his unrealistic proposals. That revolution did not materialize. Sanders did not produce sufficient voters to force the GOP to accept his proposals and in fact got 3.2 million less popular votes and 300 less delegates than Hillary Clinton.
Again if you believe Sanders' premise that it will take the rising up of sufficient voters that would force the GOP to accept his proposals, then it is clear that Sanders revolution failed.
I live in the real world. I want to work for many of Sanders proposals but the votes are not there. Sanders has failed to deliver on the type of revolution he called for and so in the real world one must work for incremental change. The real world is a nice place but change is hard and requires hard work.
redstateblues
(10,565 posts)Nationalize the auto industry. Transportation is necessary
think
(11,641 posts)redstateblues
(10,565 posts)Why would you be against free cars? Have you never been ripped off by a car dealer?
oldandhappy
(6,719 posts)It can take a century for a revolution to ripen and explode...or not. Revolutions can grow in more than one direction. Eventually the revolution will not be about party but about inequality. Our inequality is growing.
Gothmog
(145,046 posts)Sanders' revolution has not materialized yet.
oldandhappy
(6,719 posts)Don't worry. It will come. Not today. But it will come. We may have to live with inequality for awhile longer, but the revolution will come. The Romans had to wait. The Irish had to wait. The French had to wait. The revolution comes. We cannot make it come faster than people are willing to commit. And when it comes, the wealthy cannot stop it. In the mean time, we have the content now. We have a movement and we must nurture it. Our biggest danger is burn out.
Saw the clip of Sanders speaking at the Vatican. The man next to him was nodding his head.
The repubs are going to have all sorts of fractions exploding with Cruz and Trump. The revolution will come from many directions.
I know there is a lot of passion for NOW, smile. I am more sanguine.
OwlinAZ
(410 posts)obamneycare
(40 posts)While this all played out, Sanders watched as two governors, a federal agency head, and a president implemented some of his unrealistic policy proposals.
1. New York and California pass a $15/hour minimum wage
...
2. President Obama cracks down on corporate tax dodgers
...
3. Drug Enforcement Agency may reconsider marijuana policy
http://usuncut.com/politics/bernie-wins-policy-victories/
Gothmog
(145,046 posts)If single payer can not work in Vermont, then there is no chance that it will be adopted in the entire country http://www.politico.com/story/2014/12/single-payer-vermont-113711#ixzz3xciq2Nj5
Vermont under Shumlin became the most visible trailblazer. Until Wednesday, when the governor admitted what critics had said all along: He couldnt pay for it.
It is not the right time for Vermont to pass a single-payer system, Shumlin acknowledged in a public statement ending his signature initiative. He concluded the 11.5 percent payroll assessments on businesses and sliding premiums up to 9.5 percent of individuals income might hurt our economy.
Vermonts outcome is a small speed bump, said New York Assembly member Richard Gottfried, whos been pushing single-payer bills for more than 20 years. But opponents says its the end of the road.
If cobalt blue Vermont couldnt find a way to make single-payer happen, then its very unlikely that any other state will, said Jack Mozloom, spokesman for the National Federation of Independent Business.
There will never be a good time for a massive tax increase on employers and consumers in Vermont, so they should abandon that silly idea now and get serious, Mozloom added.
Read more: http://www.politico.com/story/2014/12/single-payer-vermont-113711#ixzz3xdKH1mGn
Sanders is proposing a skeleton of a plan (not a real plan at all) that has no chance of passage. The refusal of Sanders to answer the question was an admission that even Sanders knows that this plan is not real.
obamneycare
(40 posts)A significant source of the savings in Bernie's Medicare for all plan involves renegotiating the costs of care. An individual state is never going to have the kind of leverage to negotiate compensation schedules and drug prices with healthcare providers and drug companies that the United Sates has.
The nation-wide plan is feasible, and if you don't want to take my word for it, or the word of every other major industrialized country, then consider the advocacy for the plan from the 20,000+ member Physicians for a National Health Program (PNHP):
Most of these misrepresentations, or myths, have been decisively refuted by peer-reviewed research. They include the following:
Myth: A single-payer system would impose an unacceptable financial burden on U.S. households. Reality: Single payer is the only health reform that pays for itself. By replacing hundreds of insurers and thousands of different private health plans, each with their own marketing, enrollment, billing, utilization review, actuary and other departments, with a single, streamlined, tax-financed nonprofit program, more than $400 billion in health spending would be freed up to guarantee coverage to all of the 30 million people who are currently uninsured and to upgrade the coverage of everyone else, including the tens of millions who are underinsured. Co-pays and deductibles, which have been rapidly rising under the Affordable Care Act, would be eliminated. Further, the single-payer systems bargaining clout would rein in rising costs for drugs and medical supplies. Lump-sum budgets for hospitals and capital planning would control costs even more.
A recent study shows 95 percent of U.S. households would come out financially ahead under an improved version of Medicare for all. The graduated, progressively structured tax burden would be based on ability to pay, and the heavy cost to average U.S. households of private insurance premiums, co-pays, deductibles, and many currently uncovered services would be eliminated. Patients could go to the doctor or hospital of their choice, and would no longer be restricted to proprietary networks. Multiple studies over a period of several decades, including by the General Accountability Office and the Congressional Budget Office, show that a single-payer system would provide universal coverage at a much lower cost, per capita, than we are spending now. International experience confirms it. Even our traditional Medicare program, which falls short of a true single-payer system, has much lower overhead than private insurance, and shows that publicly financed programs can deliver affordable, reliable care.
A single-payer system would also greatly diminish the administrative burden on our nations physicians and hospitals, freeing up physicians, in particular, to concentrate on doing what they know best: caring for patients.
Covering everyone for all medically necessary care is affordable; keeping the current private-insurance-based system intact is not.
...
Myth: The goal of establishing a single-payer system in the U.S. is unrealistic, or politically infeasible. Reality: Its true that single-payer health reform faces formidable opposition, especially from the private insurance industry, Big Pharma, and other for-profit interests in health care, along with their allies in government. This prompts some people to conclude that single payer is out of reach and therefore not worth fighting for. While such moneyed opposition should not be underestimated, there is no reason why a well-informed and organized public, including the medical profession, cannot prevail over these vested interests. We should not sell the American people short. At earlier points in U.S. history, the abolition of slavery and the attainment of womens suffrage were considered unrealistic, and yet the movements to achieve these goals were ultimately victorious and we now wonder how those injustices were allowed to stand for so long.
What is truly unrealistic is believing that we can provide universal and affordable health care, and control costs, in a system dominated by private insurers and Big Pharma.
We call upon our nations lawmakers and the political leaders of all political parties to heed public opinion and to do the right thing by acting swiftly to bring about the only equitable, financially responsible and humane cure for our health care ills: single-payer national health insurance, an expanded and improved Medicare for all.
http://www.pnhp.org/news/2016/january/doctors-group-welcomes-national-debate-on-%E2%80%98medicare-for-all%E2%80%99
Gothmog
(145,046 posts)According to some interesting polling from VOX, Sanders own supporters will not want to pay the additional taxes necessary to fund Sanders single payer system. Read the polling http://www.vox.com/policy-and-politics/2016/4/14/11421744/bernie-sanders-tax-revolution
But in order to pay for his proposed programs, Sanders needs to increase taxes on virtually everyone in America. So if you're a voter, the question is simple:
Are you willing to pay more taxes for his proposals, like nationalized health care and free public college tuition?
How much more?
When we polled voters, we found most Sanders supporters aren't willing to pay more than an additional $1,000 in taxes for his biggest proposals. That's well short of how much more the average taxpayer would pay under his tax plan.
We asked voters how much more they are willing to pay for nationalized health care and free public college
We conducted a poll the week of April 4 in partnership with the nonpartisan technology and media company Morning Consult. In it, we asked voters how much more they would be willing to pay for two of Sanders's big propositions: a universal health care system covering all Americans and free tuition at public colleges and universities.
Most Americans say they are willing to pay something extra for these programs:
Nationalized health care: Around 80 percent of Sanders supporters are willing to pay more in federal taxes for universal health care coverage, compared with about 70 percent of Clinton supporters and about 40 percent of those supporting a Republican candidate.
Free public college tuition: A slightly lower percentage of people were willing to pay more for free public college tuition: 80 percent of Sanders supporters, 60 percent of Clinton supporters, and about 40 percent of those supporting a Republican candidate.
But when we look at how much more voters are willing to pay, we get a better idea of how voters view Sanders's plan.
Two in three Sanders supporters don't want to pay more than $1,000, or at all, for universal health care
About 66 percent of Sanders supporters said they wouldn't be willing to pay more than an additional $1,000 in taxes for universal health care. This includes the 8 percent of Sanders supporters who aren't willing to pay anything at all.
Sanders platform is not being supported by Sanders own supporters.
obamneycare
(40 posts)Sounds like the Vox pollsters asked people about willingness to pay more, without explaining that the tax would offset their current private insurance rates, and would amount in a net savings (est. over $5,000 per year for the average family). You can get people to answer things in a lot of strange ways if you phrase the question misleadingly.
obamneycare
(40 posts)It is widely held that the Democrats have a shot of reclaiming the Senate in 2016, just based on the fact that they have 14 fewer seats to defend, only need to flip 5, and Dems perform better in presidential election years.
Less talked about, is the hope of a Democratic wave sweeping the House, which researchers at the Center for Politics are saying could happen. The theory goes that the polarizing nature of Trump or Cruz as the GOP nominee would work to suppress the republican vote in all but the reddest of red districts. The analysis only imagined a Trump-Clinton or a Cruz-Clinton race, but in their estimation, this scenario could net the Dems 5-10 seats in the House, of the 30 necessary to win a majority. Bernie's well-demonstrated general election superiority to Clinton (high favorables, crushing with Independents and first-time voters) could only portend even better odds of winning significant numbers of House seats.
Gothmog
(145,046 posts)Sanders plan to raise taxes would kill down ballot candidates http://www.cnn.com/2016/01/27/politics/nancy-pelosi-bernie-sanders-taxes/
Speaking at the House Democratic Caucus' annual retreat here, Pelosi sidestepped a question about the growing concerns of fellow Democrats over the impact Sanders could have on 2016 House and Senate races, saying, "I'm very proud of all three of our candidates."
But the top House Democrat didn't mince words when it came to Vermont Senator Sanders' health care proposal, dismissing the notion of a single-payer health care plan, curtly saying, "That's not going to happen."
obamneycare
(40 posts)http://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11127-012-9947-7
Virtually all of the most recent general election polling shows Sanders to be the superior general election candidate against Republicans (and we've reached the point in the calendar when those forecasts are more accurate than not). This is likely explained by his favorability ratings, which continue to tower over Clinton's. This indicates he would have stronger coattails than would Sec. Clinton.
Compare the map of toss-up and slight R-leaning districts, to the map of this primary and caucus season:
http://cookpolitical.com/house/maps
http://www.nytimes.com/elections/2016/national-results-map
... you'll find that Bernie did well in many of those toss-up districts that will be needed to reclaim the House:
[img][/img]
...I started copying over the county-by-county results, but it was getting tedious. But glance, if you would, at Bernie's performance in the following currently-Republican-held, toss-up districts:
CO-6 (Central Colorado, just NE of Denver)
ME-2 (Most of Maine except the very SW corner)
MI-1 (Northern Michigan)
MN-2 (Southeast Minnesota, Twin Cities suburbs)
NH-1 (Eastern New Hampshire)
WI-8 (Northeast Wisconsin, Green Bay area)
And, we don't know the results of NY yet, but Zephyr Teachout is a strong contender for the Dem nomination for NY-19, and would ride some serious coattails if Bernie Sanders were the nominee.
Not only did Sanders win in those areas, he also won each of them, without exception, with remarkably high turnout -- a factor which favors Dems in general, and would favor those down-ballot Democratic candidates in November.
Heavy turnout at Democratic caucuses in Southwest Colorado and throughout the state Tuesday was grass-roots politics at its finest and sometimes most chaotic.
The numbers at the simultaneous Republican caucuses were much lower, and the chaos generally replaced with dissatisfaction over the lack of a straw vote for presidential candidates.
Across Colorado, Democrats are excited and energized by our two great presidential candidates, who are talking about growing the middle class and moving our country forward, said Colorado Democratic Party Chairman Rick Palacio, while the Republican presidential candidates continue their race to the bottom with fear-mongering and demagoguery.
Final numbers werent available late Tuesday, as voting at many caucuses ran late because of the overwhelming turnout. ...
Im getting reports of auditoriums, libraries and gyms, they were all full, said Dulce Saenz, state director for the Bernie Sanders campaign. I think thats indicative of the spark he is generating.
http://www.durangoherald.com/article/20160301/NEWS01/160309941/Sanders-takes-Colorado-after-young-people-turn-out-for-caucuses
Senator Bernie Sanders is the projected winner of the Maine caucuses, meaning the Vermont senator has won three out of four states in the last two days.
With 76 percent of precincts reporting, Sanders won Maine by a 64-35 margin, according to The New York Times election results. He is expected to take home a wide majority of the states 25 delegates, which are awarded proportionally. With the exception of Massachusetts, where Sanders lost by a margin of just 1.4%, Sen. Sanders has swept New England, winning by double-digit leads in New Hampshire and winning by such a crushing margin in Vermont that he was awarded every pledged delegate. Maine is the fifth caucus state Sanders has won, having previously won the Colorado, Kansas, Minnesota, and Nebraska caucuses as well.
Sanders overwhelming win was likely the result of record-high caucus turnout, particularly in Portland. This video shows how long some of the lines were:
http://twitter.com/Phitter/status/706573541207056385
http://usuncut.com/politics/bernie-sanders-wins-maine/
...
The presidential polls were off. Way off.
They indicated former Secretary of State Hillary Clinton would easily win the state's primary election.
...
But those polls missed the enthusiasm for Sanders on the ground, especially among young people, said Mark Brewer, former chairman of the Michigan Democratic Party.
...
Consider the voter turnout shattered records when more than 2.5 million people cast ballots. Sanders won big just about everywhere, except in Wayne, Oakland and Macomb counties. And while a big showing in Wayne County and its city of Detroit often spells victories for many candidates, the turnout was 25% in Detroit and 31% in Wayne County, while the statewide total was closer to 40%.
http://www.freep.com/story/news/politics/2016/03/09/high-turnout-late-deciding-voters-give-bernie-sanders-michigan-primary/81527800/
Bernie Sanders defeated Hillary Clinton amid massive turnout at Democratic-Farmer-Labor Party precinct caucuses across Minnesota on Tuesday.
The Associated Press and several other media outlets called the race for the Vermont senator before 10:30 p.m. He had held a double-digit lead most of the night as results trickled in.
State DFL Chairman Ken Martin called it a very decisive victory. He and most other DFL leaders had backed Clinton, but he said Minnesota is a progressive state and Sanders is a progressive politician.
Martin said it appeared that Sanders would win each of the states eight congressional districts.
http://www.twincities.com/2016/03/01/bernie-sanders-wins-minnesota-democratic-caucuses/
Sen. Bernie Sanders on Tuesday said his win in New Hampshire's primary was a result of a record-breaking turnout.
"Tonight, with what appears to be a record-breaking turnout, because of a 'yuge' voter turnout -- and I say 'yuge' -- we won," the Vermont independent told enthusiastic supporters in his victory speech rally in Concord. "We harnessed the energy and excitement that the Democratic Party will need to succeed in November."
...
He suggested that if voters turn out in large numbers in future nominating contests, he could do just as well.
"What happened here in New Hampshire in terms of an enthusiastic and aroused electorate -- people came out in large numbers - that will happen all over this country," he said.
http://www.cbsnews.com/news/bernie-sanders-thanks-yuge-voter-turnout-in-new-hampshire-victory-speech/
As has been the trend throughout the 2016 Democratic primary, Sanders pulled out a victory as an underdog through massive get-out-the-vote operations by the campaign and its army of volunteers. Todays primary contest has marked the highest primary turnout in the Badger State since 1980. Voter turnout was particularly high for college students at Marquette University in Milwaukee, students waited for hours to cast their ballot. And even in rural Green Bay, lines stretched out the door not long after polling places opened:
...
In neighboring Appleton, Wisconsin, city officials predicted turnout to exceed over 85 percent by the end of the day, having already achieved nearly 30 percent turnout by lunchtime:
...
http://usuncut.com/politics/bernie-sanders-wins-wisconsin-blowout/
Thinkingabout
(30,058 posts)are not voting the Republicans, we the people does not want the revolution.
Eric J in MN
(35,619 posts)In 2004 and 2008, Rep. Dennis Kucinich (D-OH) ran on Single Payer and a more peaceful foreign policy.
Kucinich won zero states.
Bernie Sanders has won sixteen states and will probably win more.
If Sanders isn't the nominee, one of his supporters may be the Democratic nominee someday. The closer Sanders comes, the more likely is that another liberal will run on a similar platform someday.
Demsrule86
(68,539 posts)I have hope for a more progressive future. However, the Sanders campaign has been so negative and now with the attempt to overturn the vote...it is just over for the so called revolution.
Gothmog
(145,046 posts)Demsrule86
(68,539 posts)But I was torn...finally decided it was ok in the primary in Ohio. I knew he would not win Ohio. I like some of his policies, but not him anymore.
Gothmog
(145,046 posts)For Sanders to have a chance of getting the GOP to go along with his platform, Sanders had to produce a true revolution that had sufficient numbers of new voters that the GOP would be forced to be reasonable. That did not happen.
highprincipleswork
(3,111 posts)NO CONTEST.
As it is, I believe Bernie will win this anyway.
If you have heart and spirit, and you feel that what he is talking about would make an American you could believe it, I would suggest you join in and put your vote behind your beliefs.
Gothmog
(145,046 posts)I am not the only one wondering about the effectiveness of the revolution concept http://www.slate.com/articles/news_and_politics/politics/2016/01/bernie_sanders_revolution_isn_t_good_enough.html
Even with a viable political revolution, a President Sanders would have a hard time persuading or budging a Republican Housestill intact because of a powerful partisan advantage, cemented through gerrymandering and geographythat represents radically different, opposing values. The distance between his plans and their priorities is so great that its hard to imagine a world where the two sides can be bridged. You could pressure those Republicans through grassroots action, but they werent elected by the political revolution. Why would they listen?
Indeed, when you take disagreement and political pluralism seriously, it is difficult to even conceptualize the revolution that Sanders describes and touts as the key to success. Does it emerge in Americas conservative bastions? Does it overcome decades of conviction, habit, and organization, the forces that gave John McCain and Sarah Palin nearly 60 million votes in an election almost designed to give a historic victory to the Democratic Party? The truth is that, even under the best scenario for Sandersa growing economy, huge enthusiasm, and a weak opponentits hard to imagine a world where he beats Obamas total from 2008. Unless the revolution is truly thata movement that overcomes partisan barriersit, at most, leaves liberals where they were at the beginning of 2013.
President-elect Sanders would enter the White House with gridlock ahead of him. And if the conservatism and moderation of places like Virginia and Missouri are any indication, then he would also face a split in the Democratic Party, among lawmakers who backed him and his socialist label, and those who ran from it. His campaign promises to challenge the establishment. Would these moderate and conservative Democrats challenge the establishment too? If they dont, would Sanders challenge them?
highprincipleswork
(3,111 posts)Gothmog
(145,046 posts)Sanders' revolution has been a flop which is why he is trailing by 2.4 million votes. The only way for sanders to overcome that deficit is to win New York by double digits. Then sanders has to win out in the rest of the states by double digits.
Without his revolution coming through in the real world, then Sanders will not be the nominee
highprincipleswork
(3,111 posts)If you point is that "it may not happen", then you are right.
But the article you post cites that even if Bernie wins the White House and the Senate, he will have a hard time with an entrenched Republican House. Well, even the House can be changed, and yes, even with "gerrymandering", scary.
Where there is a will, there is a way, where enough peoples stand up, things can be accomplished politically. Bernie is not and has never promised to do this all himself. When enough people stand up together, this can be done.
Meanwhile, so many Democrats vote for the "safe" bet Hillary, which is not safe at all, unless you want more of the same.
Jimmy Dore makes a good point in saying that the more Democrats veer to the Right, over decades and decades of Reaganesque phallic worship, the more the Republicans go further Right, till we can all pretty much agree they are in the territory of "batshit crazy". But it is our own Democratic politicians that are enabling them!!!!
Yes, Bernie would stop this trend and stand firmly against it. That would be an enormously yuuuuuuuge, good thing. And I mean it would he even if virtually nothing got done in Congress for a period of time.
Proud Liberal Dem
(24,401 posts)Here are the realities that I see at present:
Bernie is seriously behind in pledged delegates and needs massive blowouts in the remaining contests. Hillary is more likely than not going to be the Democratic nominee.
Either Bernie or Hillary is likely to beat whatever Republican they ultimately decide upon in the GE.
The US Senate may go Democratic if everything goes well for us in November. Republicans have a LOT of seats to defend and the ones in blue states are vulnerable, particularly if the Senate obstructionism over replacing Scalia continues.
The House will *probably* remain Republican for the foreseeable future- until we can defeat/undermine massive Republican gerrymandering.
Republicans currently control the majority of governorships and have massive majorities in many state legislatures. No evidence that this is suddenly going to change after November.
This is not what a "revolutionary" election looks like but seems more like what we are headed for IMHO. Best we can IMHO is to start/keep organizing at the local and state levels and work tirelessly to get more Democrats and progressives into elected office and build the infrastructure to really make progressive progress at the national level.
messiah
(1,092 posts)example of George W. Bush conservatives within the democratic party.
NurseJackie
(42,862 posts)DrDan
(20,411 posts)and the error in logic is that this demographic notoriously does not show up and vote.
Gothmog
(145,046 posts)DrDan
(20,411 posts)bobbobbins01
(1,681 posts)Its been said a 1000 times before, but the revolution will not be televised. DemocracySpring, the fight for 15, yesterdays march in NYC, the event at Washington Square Park. Its happening, and the media and the rest of the powers that be are doing their best to squash it.
OwlinAZ
(410 posts)corporate efforts to silence it will continue.
Powerful interests never give up their influence by their own free will...never
Gothmog
(145,046 posts)The Sanders revolution has been a bust http://www.politico.com/magazine/story/2016/04/bernie-sanders-democratic-party-new-york-primary-213829
And yet, the revolution that Sanders called for didnt show up. Clintons 16-point New York win is simply the exclamation point. First, electorally, Sanders hasnt been able to win any states on Clintons natural turf, while she picked off states like blue-collar Ohio and quintessentially liberal Massachusetts. Eleven of his 16 state wins were in low-turnout caucus states, while she has dominated well-populated primary states. He struggled to win the votes of older voters and whiffed with Southern African-Americans.
Story Continued Below
But on a more important level, Sanders has also failed to substantially change the Democratic Party at its core: its acceptance of big-dollar fundraising and incremental policy advancement. That was a tough task for Sanders, especially considering he had steered clear of the party for most of his political career until his presidential quest (prompting Hillary to remark at one point, Im not even sure he is a Democrat). For all his success at the polls, Sanders ideologically pure campaign foundered on the predictable shoals of policy specifics and political feasibility, obstacles that a progressive populist movement will need to overcome to truly succeed.....
Another Sanders misstep was making his campaign look like a hostile takeover of the Democratic Party apparatusa great strategy for winning left-leaning independents but not so much for the larger pool of registered Democrats.
In January, he downplayed Clinton endorsements from Planned Parenthood Action Fund, NARAL Pro-Choice America and the Human Rights Campaign as coming from the establishment. In a fundraiser email in support of a candidate running in a Nevada House primary, he took a gratuitous swipe at EMILYs List, a major funder of female Democrats. And instead of working with the Democratic National Committee to raise money for a wider range of congressional candidates, the Sanders campaign attacked Hillary Clinton for doing so at a big-dollar fundraiser hosted by George Clooney.
The cost was a smooth-talking smackdown from Clooney on Sunday on NBCs Meet The Press: we need to take the Senate back, because we need that fifth vote on the Supreme Court [to] overturn Citizens United and get this obscene, ridiculous amount of money out so I never have to do a fundraiser again.
Read more: http://www.politico.com/magazine/story/2016/04/bernie-sanders-democratic-party-new-york-primary-213829#ixzz46asWEZ2w
Follow us: @politico on Twitter | Politico on Facebook
Gothmog
(145,046 posts)Bernie Sanders just admitted that his so-called revolution is a failure. Sanders was unable to motivate and get poor people to vote which doomed his so-called revolution http://www.vox.com/2016/4/25/11497822/sanders-political-revolution-vote
The problem with Sanders saying he's losing because "poor people don't vote," though, is that this wasn't a sad truth that he and his campaign discovered over the last several weeks. It or rather, the possibility of fixing it was at the core of his entire theory of winning.
Sanders isn't just running on his policy agenda. He's running on the idea of a "political revolution" that will allow him to accomplish that agenda. The theory of the "political revolution" is that Americans are so eager for free college and Medicare for all that they will not only sweep Bernie Sanders to the White House if he's nominated, but will elect more, and more progressive, Democrats down-ballot will then vote to pass Sanders's agenda through Congress.
Among people who typically vote, these policies aren't that popular. The "political revolution" is only plausible if it's about changing the composition of the electorate: bringing new people to the polls who don't normally vote, even in presidential elections.
But on those grounds, the "political revolution" theory is quite plausible. As Vox's Dylan Matthews pointed out earlier this month, 30 percent of eligible voters aren't registered to vote, or aren't accurately listed in the voter databases that campaigns use. Those voters are basically ignored by candidates. And, just like the nonvoting population as a whole, they're more likely to be poor than voters are and more likely to support liberal policies on government spending.
A candidate who can figure out how to reach out to that 30 percent of voters could actually make a political revolution happen or, at least, bring the median American voter to the left.
Bernie Sanders isn't the candidate who can make the "political revolution" happen
It's hard to mobilize that 30 percent of could-be voters, though. And it's pretty clear, at this point, that Sanders hasn't pulled it off.
Sanders hasn't been pulling in remarkable numbers of first-time primary voters. His base looks a lot like the existing progressive wing of the Democratic Party the people who voted for Howard Dean over John Kerry and Bill Bradley over Al Gore.
The premise of Sanders' so-called revolution is that he would be able to motivate millions and millions of new voters which Sanders has failed to do.
Gothmog
(145,046 posts)Sanders revolution was a bust and was never going to happen and the attacks of the Sanders followers on incrementialism were really sad and silly http://www.motherjones.com/kevin-drum/2016/04/heres-why-i-never-warmed-bernie-sanders
Bernie's explanation for everything he wants to dohis theory of change, or theory of governing, take your pickis that we need a revolution in this country. The rich own everything. Income inequality is skyrocketing. The middle class is stagnating. The finance industry is out of control. Washington, DC, is paralyzed.....
Like it or not, you don't build a revolution on top of an economy like this. Period. If you want to get anything done, you're going to have to do it the old-fashioned way: through the slow boring of hard wood.
Why do I care about this? Because if you want to make a difference in this country, you need to be prepared for a very long, very frustrating slog. You have to buy off interest groups, compromise your ideals, and settle for half loavesall the things that Bernie disdains as part of the corrupt mainstream establishment. In place of this he promises his followers we can get everything we want via a revolution that's never going to happen. And when that revolution inevitably fails, where do all his impressionable young followers go? Do they join up with the corrupt establishment and commit themselves to the slow boring of hard wood? Or do they give up?
I don't know, but my fear is that some of them will do the latter. And that's a damn shame. They've been conned by a guy who should know better, the same way dieters get conned by late-night miracle diets. When it doesn't work, they throw in the towel.
Most likely Bernie will have no lasting effect, and his followers will scatter in the usual way, with some doubling down on practical politics and others leaving for different callings. But there's a decent chance that Bernie's failure will result in a net increase of cynicism about politics, and that's the last thing we need. I hate the idea that we might lose even a few talented future leaders because they fell for Bernie's spiel and then got discouraged when it didn't pan out.
I'll grant that my pitchand Hillary's and Barack Obama'sisn't very inspiring. Work your fingers to the bone for 30 years and you might get one or two significant pieces of legislation passed. Obviously you need inspiration too. But if you don't want your followers to give up in disgust, your inspiration needs to be in the service of goals that are at least attainable. By offering a chimera instead, Bernie has done the progressive movement no favors.
Sanders revolution was the cheap and sad way to get things done. In the real world one has to work hard to implement change but Sanders was not up to that task. Instead of actually getting things done, Sanders promised a magical revolution where major changes could be accomplished by magic and not by hard work.
Politics is hard work and relying on a magical revolution to change things does not work. I like living in the real world and I know that change involves hard work
PowerToThePeople
(9,610 posts)killbotfactory
(13,566 posts)Obama barely won in 2008.
That Sanders has done as well as he has is pretty amazing.
Gothmog
(145,046 posts)Scurrilous
(38,687 posts)Response to Gothmog (Original post)
pat_k This message was self-deleted by its author.
ucrdem
(15,512 posts)But servergate!!
But the superdelegates!!!
Demnorth
(68 posts)well documented!
cali
(114,904 posts)Armstead
(47,803 posts)The Democratic Party ignores that at its peril
Gothmog
(145,046 posts)If Sanders really had produced a revolution, then he would be leading in the popular vote
Armstead
(47,803 posts)Reform takes time and a lot of ongoing effort. He has pushed that significantly ahead.
If would be helpful if supporters of Clinton actually paid attention to what he and his millions of supporters has achieved and the benefits it can have for the Democratic Party and democracy.
Gothmog
(145,046 posts)Incremental change works and does not rely on magical revolutions. I want change but I know that it is hard work. I wish that there was a magical wand that could bring about change but I live in the real world. I firmly reject the attack that incremental change is bad in that it is better to get some change than no change at all.
Armstead
(47,803 posts)I am not opposed to incremental change. In fact, I am somewhat moderate by temperament.
But what does matter is the general direction changes are occurring in. Incremental change is one thing. Steeping backward or sideways is a different matter -- especially when those steps in wrong directions become a trend.
Gothmog
(145,046 posts)Turin_C3PO
(13,950 posts)a Democrat proposes. That's why they're evil assclowns that need to be defeated from the Presidency on down to the local school boards.
Gothmog
(145,046 posts)As I understand the theory, Sanders' revolution would need to produce so many new voters that the GOP would be forced to be reasonable. I have my doubts that the GOP will ever be reasonable but it is clear that Sanders has not produced the number of new voters necessary to force the GOP to accept his plan. The premise of the Sanders revolution never made sense to me in that I know how reasonable the GOP is and the only way to really effect change is to retake control of Congress
Hiraeth
(4,805 posts)some bubbles will be burst.
G_j
(40,366 posts)they tried to mock the movement against the Vietnam war too. They were wrong.